Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - KG 1

Lesson Video

This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.

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Performance objectives

• Count from 1 to 10.
• Recognize and write numbers 1 to 10.
• Match objects to their numbers.
• Find one more and one less than a number.
• Use counting in real life.

Lesson summary

This lesson introduces learners to the number four (4). We will build upon their previous knowledge of numbers one, two, and three. The number four is everywhere in our Ghanaian environment – from the legs of a chair or a goat to the wheels of a tro-tro or a taxi. By learning to identify, count, and write the number four, learners are developing a fundamental skill for understanding the world around them. This lesson will use songs, games, and hands-on activities with local materials to make learning engaging and meaningful.

Lesson notes

This lesson focuses on three main ideas about the number four: what it means (quantity), what it looks like (numeral), and how to count it. Concept 1: Understanding the Quantity "Four" "Four" is the word we use when we have a group of items that is one more than three. Demonstration: Hold up three stones. "Let's count these stones together: One, two, three. We have three stones." Add one more stone. "Look, I have added one more. Now let's count again." Touch each stone as you count: "One... two... three... four! Now we have four stones." Repeat with other objects like pencils, bottle caps, or groundnuts. Emphasize that adding one more to three makes four. Concept 2: Recognizing the Numeral "4" The numeral is the symbol we write to mean "four". Introduction: Show a large flashcard with the numeral 4 written on it. Say clearly, "This is the number four. It looks like this. We call this 'four'." Use a rhyme to describe its shape: > "Down and over, and down once more, > That's the way to make a four!" Show the numeral '4' alongside other known numerals (1, 2, 3) and ask learners to point to the '4'. Concept 3: How to Count Four Objects (Rational Counting) This is the most important skill. It involves matching one number name to one object. Step-by-Step Method: Get Ready: Place four objects (e.g., mango seeds) in a line. Touch and Count: Use your pointer finger to touch the first seed and say "One". Move to the Next: Move your finger to the second seed and say "Two". Continue: Touch the third seed and say "Three". Finish: Touch the last seed and say "Four". State the Total (Cardinality): After counting the last object, say, "There are four seeds." This teaches them that the last number counted represents the total number of items in the set. Concept 4: Forming the Numeral "4" This involves developing the fine motor skills to write the symbol. Pre-writing Activities: Air Writing: Use your finger to write a big '4' in the air, reciting the rhyme. Have the children copy you. Tactile Tracing: Have learners trace the shape of the number '4' in a shallow tray filled with sand, gari, or salt. Guided Tracing: Provide worksheets with large, dotted outlines of the numeral '4' for them to trace over with a crayon or pencil.

Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Here, we will do activities together as a class ("I do, we do").

Activity 1: The Finger Game Question: "Everyone, listen carefully. Can you show me four fingers on one hand?" Worked Solution: The teacher first models the action. "Watch me. I will show you four fingers. One (raises index finger), two (raises middle finger), three (raises ring finger), four (raises pinky finger). My thumb is sleeping!" The teacher then says, "Now, let's do it together. Ready? One... two... three... four! Well done! You are showing me four fingers." Commentary: This activity connects the abstract number to a physical representation that is always available to the child. It reinforces one-to-one counting.