Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade R

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• This week, we're going to revisit and strengthen the math skills you learned last year! Think of it as a warm-up before we jump into new adventures. We'll be focusing on numbers, shapes, patterns, and learning how to compare things. This is important because math is all around us! When you share sweets with your friends, you're using math! When you play with building blocks, you're learning about shapes! When you help your family set the table, you're counting! These skills will help you in school, at home, and everywhere else.
• Our learning objectives for this week are:
• Objective 1: Count objects up to 10 accurately and reliably, using one-to-one correspondence. (CAPS: Numbers, Operations and Relationships, Counting objects)
• Objective 2: Recognise and name basic 2D shapes: circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles. (CAPS: Shape and Space, 2-D shapes)
• Objective 3: Identify and describe simple patterns using colours and shapes. (CAPS: Patterns, Functions and Algebra, Copying and extending simple patterns)

Lesson summary

This week, we're going to revisit and strengthen the math skills you learned last year! Think of it as a warm-up before we jump into new adventures. We'll be focusing on numbers, shapes, patterns, and learning how to compare things. This is important because math is all around us! When you share sweets with your friends, you're using math! When you play with building blocks, you're learning about shapes! When you help your family set the table, you're counting! These skills will help you in school, at home, and everywhere else.

Our learning objectives for this week are: Objective 1: Count objects up to 10 accurately and reliably, using one-to-one correspondence.

Lesson notes

Let's explore the concepts we'll be working with this week: Counting: Counting is figuring out how many things are in a group. Each thing gets its own number, and we say the numbers in order: 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. One-to-one correspondence means that you touch one object as you say one number. If you skip an object, or count an object twice, you won't get the right answer.

Example: Imagine you have 5 oranges in a bowl. Touch each orange as you say "One, Two, Three, Four, Five." Now you know you have 5 oranges! If you count too fast and skip an orange, you'll think you have less than

5. If you count an orange twice, you'll think you have more than

5. Another

Example: Think about counting children in your class. Each child is a single unit, and you assign one number to each. No child can have two numbers, or none! 2D Shapes: 2D shapes are flat shapes. They don't have any thickness.

Circle: A circle is round, like a soccer ball seen from the front (although the ball itself is not flat!). It has no corners.

Square: A square has four sides, and all the sides are the same length. It has four corners. Think of a biscuit (a square biscuit, not a round one!).

Triangle: A triangle has three sides and three corners. Think of a slice of watermelon.

Rectangle: A rectangle has four sides. Two sides are longer, and two sides are shorter. It also has four corners. Think of a door.

Why they're different: A square has all sides equal. A rectangle has two pairs of equal sides. A triangle has three sides, and a circle is round.

Patterns: Patterns are things that repeat. They can be colours, shapes, sounds, or anything else!

Example: Red, Blue, Red, Blue, Red, Blue… This is a pattern using colours. What comes next? (Blue!) Another

Example: Circle, Square, Circle, Square, Circle, Square… This is a pattern using shapes. What comes next? (Square!)

Why patterns are important: Patterns help us predict what comes next, which helps us understand the world around us!

Comparing Size: We can compare how big or small things are.

Bigger/Smaller: A watermelon is bigger than a grape. A button is smaller than a plate.

Longer/Shorter: A skipping rope is longer than a pencil. A crayon is shorter than a ruler.

Heavier/Lighter: A brick is heavier than a feather. A pen is lighter than a book.

How to compare: You can hold them in your hands (if they're not too heavy!) and feel which one is heavier. Or, you can look at them side-by-side to see which one is longer or bigger.

Ordering Length: Ordering means putting things in a certain order. When we order by length, we put the shortest thing first, and then the next shortest, and so on until we get to the longest thing.

Example: You have a twig, a straw, and a pencil. The twig is the shortest, the straw is in the middle, and the pencil is the longest.

The order from shortest to longest is: Twig, Straw, Pencil. Guided Practice (With Solutions) Here are some practice questions to help you understand these concepts: Question 1: Count the number of apples in this picture: 🍎🍎🍎🍎.

Solution: One, Two, Three, Four. There are 4 apples. We used one-to-one correspondence, touching each apple as we counted.

Question 2: Which shape is this: A flat shape with four equal sides and four corners?

Solution: This is a square. Remember, a square has four equal sides and four corners.

Question 3: What comes next in this pattern: Yellow, Green, Yellow, Green, Yellow, ____?

Solution: The pattern is Yellow, Green, repeating. So, the next colour is Green.

Question 4: Which is bigger: a shoe or a button?

Solution: A shoe is bigger than a button. We can imagine seeing a shoe and a button side by side; the shoe takes up much more space.

Question 5: Order these from shortest to longest: leaf, branch, twig.

Solution: First, think about how long each item usually is. A twig is usually the shortest. A leaf is longer than a twig. A branch is longer than a leaf.

So the order is: Twig, Leaf, Branch. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Now, try these on your own!

Count the number of stars: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ What shape is this: A flat shape with three sides and three corners?

What comes next in this pattern: Square, Triangle, Square, Triangle, ____?

Which is smaller: a car or a bicycle?

Which is heavier: a book or a feather?

Order these from shortest to longest: piece of string, rope, shoelace. Draw a pattern using only circles and squares. Repeat it at least 4 times. Count all the fingers on one of your hands. How many are there? What shape does a pizza usually look like?

What comes next in this pattern: Red, Blue, Yellow, Red, Blue, Yellow, _____?