Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 3

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Recall multiplication facts for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10.
• Recall division facts for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10.
• Understand that multiplication and division are opposites.
• Solve simple word problems.
• Use repeated addition and arrays for multiplication.

Lesson summary

Introduction: This week, we explore the exciting world of multiplication and division! These are not just sums we do in our books; they are powerful tools we use every day in South Africa. Imagine you are at the spaza shop and want to buy 4 lollipops for R2 each. How much money do you need? That's multiplication! Or maybe your Gogo gives you 20 sweets to share equally with your 3 friends and yourself. How many sweets does each person get? That's division! By mastering the multiplication and division facts for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10, you are learning how to solve real-life problems quickly and easily, from sharing food with family to saving your pocket money.

Lesson notes

What is Multiplication? Multiplication is a quick way of doing repeated addition. When we have equal groups of objects, we can multiply to find the total. The symbol for multiplication is ×.

Concept: `groups of`

Example: Let's say we have 3 nests, and each nest has 4 eggs. We have 3 groups of

4. As repeated addition: 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 As multiplication: 3 × 4 = 12 We say: "Three times four equals twelve." What is Division? Division means sharing a number of items into equal groups. It helps us find out how many items are in each group, or how many equal groups we can make. The symbol for division is ÷.

Concept: `sharing equally`

Example: Thabo has 15 vetkoek to share equally among 5 of his friends. We need to solve 15 ÷

5. We can ask: "How many times does 5 go into 15?" or "What number multiplied by 5 gives us 15?" We know from multiplication that 3 × 5 =

1

5. So, 15 ÷ 5 =

3. Each friend gets 3 vetkoek.

The Amazing Link: Multiplication and Division are Opposites! Multiplication and division are related. They are inverse operations, which means they do the opposite of each other. For every multiplication fact, you can write two division facts. We call this a "fact family".