Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 3

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Recall multiplication facts for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10.
• Recall division facts for 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10.
• Solve word problems using these facts.
• Use pictures and objects to understand multiplication and division.

Lesson summary

This week, we're diving into the exciting world of multiplication and division! We'll be focusing specifically on learning our multiplication and division facts for the numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, and

1

0. Understanding these facts is super important because they are the building blocks for solving all sorts of math problems you'll encounter, not just in school, but also in your everyday life! Think about sharing sweets with your friends, figuring out how many loaves of bread to buy for your family, or even calculating how much pocket money you'll get in a month. Knowing these facts makes all those tasks much easier! Learning these facts will make you a Maths superstar!

Lesson notes

Multiplication: Multiplication is a quick way of adding the same number multiple times. It's like a shortcut! The "x" symbol means "times" or "multiply". For example, 3 x 4 means we are adding the number 3, four times (3 + 3 + 3 + 3). The answer we get is called the product.

Understanding Multiplication with 2: Multiplying by 2 is the same as doubling a number. It's like having two of something.

Example: Imagine you have 4 oranges. If you double them, you have 4 x 2 = 8 oranges.

Understanding Multiplication with 3: Multiplying by 3 means adding the same number three times.

Example: You have 5 friends, and each friend needs 3 sweets. How many sweets do you need in total? 5 x 3 = 15 sweets.

Understanding Multiplication with 4: Multiplying by 4 is like doubling, then doubling again!

Example: A square has 4 sides. If you have 6 squares, how many sides are there in total? 6 x 4 = 24 sides.

Understanding Multiplication with 5: Multiplying by 5 often involves counting in fives. Numbers multiplied by 5 always end in a 0 or a

5. Example: You have 7 hands (on people, not just you!). How many fingers are there in total? (Each hand has 5 fingers). 7 x 5 = 35 fingers.

Understanding Multiplication with 10: Multiplying by 10 is very easy! Just add a zero to the end of the number you are multiplying.

Example: You have 8 ten rand notes. How much money do you have in total? 8 x 10 = 80 rand.

Division: Division is the opposite of multiplication. It's about sharing equally or splitting things into equal groups. The symbol "÷" means "divided by". For example, 12 ÷ 3 means we are splitting 12 into 3 equal groups. The answer we get is called the quotient.

Understanding Division with 2: Dividing by 2 is the same as halving a number.

Example: You have 10 biscuits and you want to share them equally between 2 friends. How many biscuits does each friend get? 10 ÷ 2 = 5 biscuits.

Understanding Division with 3: Dividing by 3 means splitting something into 3 equal parts.

Example: You have 18 marbles and you want to divide them equally amongst 3 children. How many marbles does each child get? 18 ÷ 3 = 6 marbles.

Understanding Division with 4: Dividing by 4 is like halving, then halving again.

Example: You have 20 crayons and want to group them into groups of

4. How many groups of crayons can you make? 20 ÷ 4 = 5 groups.

Understanding Division with 5: Dividing by 5 means splitting something into 5 equal parts.

Example: You have 30 sweets and want to share them equally among 5 children. How many sweets will each child receive? 30 ÷ 5 = 6 sweets.

Understanding Division with 10: Dividing by 10 is like taking away a zero (if the number ends in a zero).

Example: You have 50 cents and you want to exchange it for ten-cent coins. How many ten-cent coins will you get? 50 ÷ 10 = 5 ten-cent coins. Relationship between Multiplication and Division: Multiplication and division are like partners. One "undoes" the other. This is called the inverse relationship. If 3 x 4 = 12, then 12 ÷ 4 = 3, and 12 ÷ 3 =

4. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: You have 6 packets of chips. Each packet costs R

5. How much did you spend in total?

Solution: This is a multiplication problem. We need to find 6 x

5. We know that 6 x 5 =

3

0. Answer: You spent R30 in total.

Question 2: You have 24 pencils and want to share them equally among 4 friends. How many pencils does each friend get?

Solution: This is a division problem. We need to find 24 ÷

4. We know that 24 ÷ 4 =

6. Answer: Each friend gets 6 pencils.

Question 3: A farmer plants 7 rows of maize. Each row has 10 maize plants. How many maize plants are there in total?

Solution: This is a multiplication problem. We need to find 7 x

1

0. We know that 7 x 10 =

7

0. Answer: There are 70 maize plants in total.

Question 4: You have 15 apples and want to put them into bags of

3. How many bags do you need?

Solution: This is a division problem. We need to find 15 ÷

3. We know that 15 ÷ 3 =

5. Answer: You need 5 bags.

Question 5: Lerato has 9 two rand coins. How much money does she have?

Solution: This is a multiplication problem. We need to find 9 x

2. We know that 9 x 2 =

1

8. Answer: Lerato has R

1

8. Independent Practice (Questions Only) What is 8 multiplied by 3? Divide 40 by

5. What is the answer? A taxi has 4 wheels. How many wheels do 9 taxis have? You have 25 sweets and want to share them equally among 5 friends. How many sweets does each friend get? What is 6 times 10? You have 16 books to share equally between 2 learners. How many books does each learner get? Calculate 7 multiplied by

4. If you divide 30 by 3, what is the result? A packet of biscuits costs R

3. How much will 8 packets of biscuits cost? You have 45 marbles. How many groups of 5 marbles can you make?