Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Collect data using tally marks and organise it in a table.
• Represent data using picture graphs.
• Answer simple questions about data.
• Revise addition, subtraction, and shapes.

Lesson summary

Data handling is a very important skill in everyday life. It helps us organise information and make sense of the world around us. Imagine you want to know which is the most popular fruit in your class, or which colour car is the most common on your street. Data handling helps us find out! We collect the information (the data), then we organise it in a way that makes it easy to understand, like a table or a picture graph. This helps us answer questions and make decisions. In South Africa, understanding data is important for everything from understanding weather patterns to deciding which food to buy at the shop.

Lesson notes

What is Data? Data is information. It can be anything from your favourite colour to the number of learners in your class.

How to Collect Data: Tally Marks Tally marks are a quick way to count things. We draw a straight line for each item we count. When we reach five, we draw a line across the four lines to make a group of five. This makes it easy to count large numbers.

Example: Let's say we are counting the number of red, blue, and green cars that pass by the school gate in 5 minutes.

Red cars: |||| || (7 cars)

Blue cars: |||| (4 cars)

Green cars: ||| (3 cars)

Organising Data: Tables A table is a way to organize information in rows and columns. It makes it easy to see and compare data.

Example: We can organise the car data from above into a table: | Colour | Number of Cars | |---|---| | Red | 7 | | Blue | 4 | | Green | 3 | Representing Data: Picture Graphs A picture graph uses pictures to represent data. Each picture stands for one or more items. In Grade 2, we usually use one picture to represent one item (one-to-one correspondence).

Example: Let's use a picture graph to show the number of learners who like different fruits: apples, bananas, and oranges. | Fruit | Number of Learners | Picture Graph | | :------- | :------------------ | :------------ | | Apples | 5 | 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎 | | Bananas | 3 | 🍌🍌🍌 | | Oranges | 4 | 🍊🍊🍊🍊 | Remember: Each picture (🍎, 🍌, 🍊) represents one learner.

Analysing and Interpreting Data: Once we have our data in a table or picture graph, we can answer questions about it.

Example: Using the fruit picture graph above, we can answer the following questions: Which fruit do the most learners like?

Answer: Apples Which fruit do the fewest learners like?

Answer: Bananas How many more learners like apples than oranges?

Answer: 1 (5-4 =1) How many learners were asked about their favourite fruit in total?

Answer: 12 (5+3+4=12) Revision of Addition, Subtraction and Shapes: Let's also revise some important concepts we learned earlier this year: Addition: Combining two or more groups of objects. For example, 5 apples + 3 apples = 8 apples Subtraction: Taking away a number of objects from a group. For example, 10 sweets - 4 sweets = 6 sweets Shapes: Recognizing and naming different shapes like circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: A Grade 2 class voted for their favourite pets.

Here are the results: Dogs: |||| |||| ||| Cats: |||| |||| || Fish: |||| | Birds: |||| a) Organise the data into a table. b) Draw a picture graph to represent the data. Use one picture of a paw print 🐾 for each pet.

Solution: a)

Table: | Pet | Number of Votes | |---|---| | Dogs | 13 | | Cats | 12 | | Fish | 6 | | Birds | 5 | Explanation: We counted the tally marks for each pet to find the number of votes. b)

Picture Graph: | Pet | Picture Graph | |---|---| | Dogs | 🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾 | | Cats | 🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾 | | Fish | 🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾 | | Birds | 🐾🐾🐾🐾🐾 | Explanation: Each paw print represents one vote for each pet.

Question 2: Look at the following picture graph which shows the number of rainy days in four weeks: | Week | Number of Rainy Days | |---|---| | Week 1 | 🌧️🌧️🌧️ | | Week 2 | 🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️ | | Week 3 | 🌧️ | | Week 4 | 🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️ | a) Which week had the most rainy days? b) Which week had the fewest rainy days? c) How many rainy days were there in total over the four weeks?

Solution: a) Week 2 b) Week 3 c) 14 rainy days (3 + 6 + 1 + 4 = 14)

Explanation: We read the picture graph to find the number of rainy days for each week and then compared the numbers.

Question 3: At a tuck shop, the following number of cooldrinks were sold: 7 Coca-Colas, 5 Sprites, and 3 Fanta Oranges. a) Draw a table to represent the number of cooldrinks. b) What is the most popular cooldrink? c) How many more Coca-Colas were sold than Sprite?

Solution: a)

Table: | Cooldrink | Number Sold | |---|---| | Coca-Cola | 7 | | Sprite | 5 | | Fanta Orange | 3 | b) Coca-Cola c) 2 (7-5 = 2)

Explanation: We organised the information into a table and used subtraction to find the difference between the number of Coca-Colas and Sprites sold. Independent Practice (Questions Only)

Question 1: Collect data from your family members about their favourite colour. Use tally marks to record their responses. Then, create a table to show your results.

Question 2: Draw a picture graph to represent the number of learners in your class who have black, brown, blonde, and red hair. Let each picture of a head represent one learner.

Question 3: Look at the picture graph below which shows the number of sandwiches sold at a school tuckshop during the week. | Day | Number of Sandwiches | |---|---| | Monday | 🥪🥪🥪🥪 | | Tuesday | 🥪🥪 | | Wednesday | 🥪🥪🥪🥪🥪🥪 | | Thursday | 🥪🥪🥪 | | Friday | 🥪🥪🥪🥪🥪 | a) Which day had the most sandwiches sold? b) Which day had the least sandwiches sold? c) How many sandwiches were sold on Thursday and Friday combined?

Question 4: Sarah has 12 marbles. She gives 5 marbles to her friend. How many marbles does Sarah have left?