Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Tell the difference between healthy and unhealthy food.
• Explain why washing hands and brushing teeth is important.
• List rules for crossing the road safely.
• Know which safe people to ask for help.
• Know what to do if a stranger talks to you.

Lesson summary

This week, we will revise and strengthen our understanding of two very important topics: Healthy Living and Keeping Safe. In South Africa, it is vital for young learners to know how to take care of their bodies and how to navigate their communities safely. Learning about healthy foods helps us make good choices at the spaza shop or at home, giving us the energy to play soccer with our friends or learn in class. Understanding hygiene, like washing our hands, helps us stay healthy and avoid getting sick. Similarly, our country has busy roads, and knowing road safety rules helps protect us when we walk to school or the park.

Lesson notes

Part 1: Healthy Living Healthy living is about making smart choices every day to keep our bodies strong and our minds happy.

It has three main parts: eating healthy food, keeping our bodies clean, and being active. A. Eating Healthy Food What is healthy food? Healthy food is food that gives your body good energy, helps you grow, and protects you from getting sick. Think of your body like a car. You need to put the right fuel in it to make it go! Fruits, vegetables, milk, and whole grains are excellent fuel.

The Rainbow on Your Plate: A great way to eat healthy is to eat foods of many different colours, just like a rainbow!

Red: Apples, strawberries, tomatoes. These help keep your heart strong.

Orange/Yellow: Carrots, naartjies, bananas, mielies (corn). These help you see well, even in the dark!

Green: Spinach (morogo), broccoli, green beans, peas. These make your bones and teeth super strong.

Blue/Purple: Grapes, plums. These help your brain think hard!

South African Healthy Foods: We have amazing healthy foods right here! Amasi is great for our tummy, mieliepap gives us long-lasting energy, and fruits like mangoes and guavas are full of vitamins.

Unhealthy Foods: Some foods are nice for a treat, but not good to eat every day. These are foods with too much sugar, salt, or fat. Examples include fizzy cooldrinks, sweets, chips, and fried vetkoek. Too much of this food can make us feel tired and can make our bodies weak over time. B. Keeping Our Bodies Clean (Personal Hygiene) Why is it important? Our world is full of tiny, invisible things called germs. Some germs can make us sick. Keeping clean is how we fight them!

Washing Hands: This is our best weapon! We must wash our hands with soap and water: Before eating. After using the toilet. After playing outside. After coughing or sneezing.

How: Wet your hands, add soap, and rub them together for 20 seconds (sing 'Happy Birthday' twice!) making sure to scrub between your fingers and under your nails.

Brushing Teeth: We must brush our teeth two times a day – in the morning and before bed. This removes old food and sugar bugs (plaque) that can make holes (cavities) in our teeth.

Bathing: Bathing or showering with soap and water washes away sweat and germs from our whole body, keeping our skin healthy. C. Being Active Being active means moving your body! It makes your heart and muscles strong and makes you feel happy. You should aim to play and move for at least one hour every day.

Examples: Playing soccer, netball, running races with friends, skipping with a rope (ugqaphu/kgati), dancing to music, or even just helping with chores at home like sweeping.

Part 2: Keeping Safe Being safe means protecting yourself from danger. We will focus on safety on the road and safety with people. A. Road Safety Many of us walk to school or to the shops. Roads can be dangerous, but if you follow the rules, you can be safe.

The Golden Rules of Crossing a Road: STOP: Always stop at the edge of the road, even if it looks empty.

LOOK: Look to your right, then to your left, and then to your right again. Cars in South Africa drive on the left, so they will come from your right first.

LISTEN: Listen for any cars you might not see.

WAIT: Wait until the road is clear. No cars coming.

WALK: Walk quickly across the road, but do not run. Keep looking and listening as you cross.

Extra Safety Tips: Always try to cross at a zebra crossing or with a traffic officer. If you can, always hold a grown-up's hand. Wear bright clothes so drivers can see you easily. B. Safety with People Most people are kind, but some are not. It's important to know how to stay safe around people you don't know (strangers).

Safe People: These are people in your life and community you can trust. This includes your parents/guardians, teachers, police officers in uniform, and nurses or doctors.

The Stranger Rule: A stranger is anyone you and your family do not know well. We do not talk to strangers or take things from them, even if they seem nice and offer you sweets or a toy. What if a stranger approaches you?

Remember the four action words: NO! GO! YELL! TELL! NO! Say "NO!" in a loud voice. GO! Run away quickly to a safe place (like your school, home, or a shop with people in it). YELL! Shout for help as you run. Yell something like, "HELP! THIS IS NOT MY MOM/DAD!" TELL! As soon as you are safe, tell a grown-up you trust what happened. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Look at this list of foods: Banana, Packet of Chips, Grapes, Fizzy Cooldrink, Brown Bread Sandwich, Lollipop.

Sort these foods into two groups: 'Healthy Everyday Foods' and 'Sometimes Treat Foods'.

Solution 1: Healthy Everyday Foods: Banana: A fruit full of energy and potassium.

Grapes: A fruit with vitamins to help your body fight sickness.

Brown Bread Sandwich: Gives you energy for a long time (fibre).

Sometimes Treat Foods: Packet of Chips: Very high in salt and unhealthy fat.