Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2
Patterns and relationships: number patterns and simple rules – Week 8 focus
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Patterns and relationships: number patterns and simple rules – Week 8 focus
Download the Lessonotes Mobile South Africa app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Grade 2
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 8
Theme: General lesson support
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Patterns are all around us! From the colours in a woven basket to the number of windows in buildings in our neighbourhood, patterns help us understand the world better. Understanding number patterns helps us predict what comes next, solve problems, and even makes maths more fun! Imagine you are helping your family plan a braai. You know you need 2 boerewors for each person. Understanding number patterns can quickly tell you how many boerewors you need if you know how many people are coming. This week, we will explore simple number patterns and rules that govern them.
A number pattern is a sequence of numbers that follows a specific rule. The rule tells us how to get from one number in the pattern to the next. The rule can involve adding the same number each time (increasing pattern) or subtracting the same number each time (decreasing pattern).
Increasing Patterns (Addition): In an increasing pattern, the numbers get bigger. We add the same number each time to find the next number in the pattern. This number we add is called the common difference.
Example: Consider the pattern: 2, 4, 6, 8, __, __ To find the rule, we look at how much the numbers are increasing. 4 – 2 = 2 6 – 4 = 2 8 – 6 = 2 The rule is: "Add 2". To find the next two numbers, we continue to add 2: 8 + 2 = 10, 10 + 2 = 12 So, the complete pattern is: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 Decreasing Patterns (Subtraction): In a decreasing pattern, the numbers get smaller. We subtract the same number each time to find the next number in the pattern. This number we subtract is also a common difference, but it decreases the values.
Example: Consider the pattern: 15, 12, 9, 6, __, __ To find the rule, we look at how much the numbers are decreasing. 15 – 12 = 3 12 – 9 = 3 9 – 6 = 3 The rule is: "Subtract 3". To find the next two numbers, we continue to subtract 3: 6 – 3 = 3, 3 – 3 = 0 So, the complete pattern is: 15, 12, 9, 6, 3, 0 Identifying the Rule: To identify the rule, always look at the difference between two consecutive numbers (numbers next to each other) in the pattern. If the difference is the same between all the numbers, you've found the rule. If the numbers are getting bigger, it's an addition pattern. If they are getting smaller, it's a subtraction pattern. Real-Life
Examples: Think about counting money. If you save R5 every day, you are creating an increasing pattern: R5, R10, R15, R20... The rule is "Add R5". Or, imagine sharing sweets with friends. If you start with 10 sweets and give away 2 sweets to each friend, you are creating a decreasing pattern: 10, 8, 6, 4... The rule is "Subtract 2". Guided Practice (With Solutions)
Question 1: Complete the pattern: 3, 6, 9, __, __, 18 Solution: Find the difference between the numbers: 6 – 3 = 3, 9 – 6 =
3. The rule is "Add 3".
Continue the pattern: 9 + 3 = 12, 12 + 3 = 15, 15 + 3 = 18 (which is already given, confirming we are on the right track).
The complete pattern is: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 Question 2: Complete the pattern: 20, 18, 16, __, __, 10 Solution: Find the difference between the numbers: 20 – 18 = 2, 18 – 16 =
2. The rule is "Subtract 2".
Continue the pattern: 16 – 2 = 14, 14 – 2 = 12, 12 – 2 = 10 (which is already given).
The complete pattern is: 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10 Question 3: What is the rule for the pattern: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25?
Solution: Find the difference between the numbers: 10 – 5 = 5, 15 – 10 = 5, 20 – 15 = 5, 25 – 20 =
5. The rule is: "Add 5" Question 4: Thando has 4 chickens. Each week, she gets 2 more chickens. How many chickens will she have in 3 weeks? Write it as a number pattern.
Solution: Start: 4 Week 1: 4 + 2 = 6 Week 2: 6 + 2 = 8 Week 3: 8 + 2 = 10 The pattern is 4, 6, 8,
1
0. Thando will have 10 chickens in 3 weeks. Independent Practice (Questions Only)
Complete the pattern: 1, 3, 5, __, __, 11 Complete the pattern: 25, 20, 15, __, __, 0 What is the rule for the pattern: 7, 14, 21, 28?
What comes next in the pattern: 12, 10, 8, 6, __? Sarah is planting flowers. She plants 3 flowers on Monday, 6 flowers on Tuesday, and 9 flowers on Wednesday. If she continues this pattern, how many flowers will she plant on Thursday?
Complete the pattern: 5, __, 15, 20, __, 30 What is the rule for the pattern: 30, 27, 24, 21? John saves R2 every day. How much money will he have saved after 5 days? Write it as a number pattern.
Extend the pattern: 2, 4, 6, 8, __, __, __ What rule would create this pattern?: 50, 45, 40, 35, __, __