Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Collect and organise data using tally marks.
• Show data using pictures and pictograms.
• Answer questions about data (most, least, altogether).
• Revise counting up to 20.
• Recognize 2D shapes in data charts.

Lesson summary

Data handling is a very important skill! It helps us organize information so we can understand it better. Imagine we want to know which fruit is the most popular in our class. We can ask everyone, write down their answers, and then use data handling to see which fruit got the most votes. This helps us make decisions and understand the world around us. In South Africa, this skill can help us understand important things like which food is grown the most, which games children like to play, or what kinds of animals live in different parts of the country. This week, we will revise what we've already learned about data handling to get even better at it!

Lesson notes

What is Data? Data is information. It can be anything - like the color of your shirt, your favourite pet, or how many siblings you have. We can collect data by asking questions or looking at things around us.

Collecting Data: One easy way to collect data is by using tally marks. A tally mark is just a straight line, like this: |. Each tally mark represents one thing. When we get to five, we draw a line across the four tally marks, like this: ||||. This makes it easy to count in groups of five. Another way to collect data is by simply asking questions and writing down the answers.

Representing Data: We can show data in different ways. The simplest way is to use real objects. For example, if we're collecting data about favourite toys, we can put the actual toys into groups. We can also use pictures or pictograms. A pictogram uses pictures to represent data. For example, if we asked our classmates what their favourite fruit is, we could draw a picture of each fruit and then draw one picture of each fruit for every person who chose it.

Example 1: Using Tally Marks Let’s say we want to find out the favourite colour of Grade 1 learners. We ask 10 learners and record their answers using tally marks. | Colour | Tally Marks | Number | |---|---|---| | Red | ||| | 3 | | Blue | |||| | 5 | | Green | || | 2 | Now we can see that 3 learners like red, 5 learners like blue, and 2 learners like green. Blue is the most popular!

Example 2: Creating a Pictogram We asked 8 children which animal they like best: lion, elephant, or zebra.

Here are the results: Lion: 3 children Elephant: 2 children Zebra: 3 children We can make a pictogram like this (using simple drawings): | Animal | Pictogram | |---|---| | Lion | 🦁 🦁 🦁 | | Elephant | 🐘 🐘 | | Zebra | 🦓 🦓 🦓 | The pictogram helps us see easily that lions and zebras are equally popular and that elephants are less popular.

Example 3: Analysing Data Let's say we counted the number of cars that drove past our school in one hour.

We got the following data: Red cars: 7 Blue cars: 4 White cars: 9 Black cars: 5 Now, let's answer some questions: What is the most common color of car? White (9 cars) What is the least common color of car? Blue (4 cars) How many red and black cars were there altogether? 7 + 5 = 12 cars Revision of Numbers and Shapes: Remember our numbers! We can count up to 20 and even more. Let’s count aloud together! Also, remember our shapes: circles, squares, triangles and rectangles. We can see these shapes in our data representations, like in the circles we might draw as part of a pictogram or the squares in a table. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Four children were asked about their favourite food: pap, chicken, fish or spinach.

Here are their answers: pap, chicken, pap, fish.

Complete the tally chart: | Food | Tally Marks | Number | |----------|-------------|--------| | Pap | | | | Chicken | | | | Fish | | | | Spinach | | | Solution: | Food | Tally Marks | Number | |----------|-------------|--------| | Pap | || | 2 | | Chicken | | | 1 | | Fish | | | 1 | | Spinach | | 0 | Explanation: We read each answer and added a tally mark to the correct row. Since no one chose spinach, it has zero tally marks.

Question 2: Look at the tally chart below showing favourite fruits. | Fruit | Tally Marks | Number | |----------|-------------|--------| | Apple | |||| | 4 | | Banana | ||| | 3 | | Orange | |||| | 5 | Which fruit is the most popular? Which fruit is the least popular? How many apples and bananas are there altogether?

Solution: Most popular: Orange Least popular: Banana Apples and bananas altogether: 4 + 3 = 7 Explanation: We look at the 'Number' column to see which number is the biggest (most popular) and which number is the smallest (least popular). To find the total number of apples and bananas, we add the numbers together.

Question 3: Draw a simple pictogram to represent the number of books each child has: Zola: 4 books Sipho: 2 books Thandi: 3 books Use a simple drawing, like a rectangle, to represent each book.

Solution: | Child | Pictogram | |---------|-----------| | Zola | ▭ ▭ ▭ ▭ | | Sipho | ▭ ▭ | | Thandi | ▭ ▭ ▭ | Explanation: For each child, we drew the correct number of rectangles to represent the number of books they have. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Ask five friends what their favourite animal is and record the data using tally marks. Use your tally chart from question 1 to draw a pictogram showing the favourite animals. Look at the pictogram you created in question

2. Which animal is the most popular? Which animal is the least popular? Count the number of windows and doors in your classroom. Write down how many of each there are. Which is there more of? Draw a picture of your family. Count how many people are in your family. How many are adults? How many are children? Collect data on the number of red, yellow, and green cars you see on your way home from school. Represent this data using tally marks.