Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1
Numbers 0–34: operations and problem solving – Week 5 focus
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Numbers 0–34: operations and problem solving – Week 5 focus
Download the Lessonotes Mobile South Africa app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Grade 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 5
Theme: General lesson support
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This week, we will be building on our knowledge of numbers up to 34 by focusing on operations (adding and subtracting) and problem-solving. These skills are super important in everyday life! Imagine you’re at the tuck shop buying sweets, or sharing your toys with friends - knowing how to add and subtract helps you figure out how many you have, and how many more you need. Understanding numbers and solving problems will make you a confident and capable learner, ready to tackle even bigger challenges in the future. Being able to work with numbers is also essential for understanding other subjects, and for helping your family with shopping or counting money.
Addition: Addition means putting things together, or finding the total. The symbol for addition is +. When we add, the answer is called the "sum." Example 1: Imagine you have 5 marbles and your friend gives you 3 more. To find out how many marbles you have altogether, you add 5 +
3. We can use our fingers or draw dots to help. 5 dots + 3 dots = 8 dots. So, 5 + 3 =
8. You now have 8 marbles.
Example 2: Let's say Auntie Thandi makes 12 vetkoek for her family. Then, her neighbour, Mama Zama, brings over 6 more vetkoek. How many vetkoek are there in total? We add 12 +
6. We can picture 12 as one group of ten and two single ones. Then we add six more single ones. That makes one group of ten and eight single ones, which is
1
8. So, 12 + 6 = 18 vetkoek.
Number lines and addition: A number line is a helpful tool. Start at the first number (e.g., 5), and then jump forward the number you are adding (e.g., 3). Count the jumps, and that's your answer.
Subtraction: Subtraction means taking away, or finding the difference. The symbol for subtraction is -. When we subtract, the answer is called the "difference." Example 1: You have 10 crayons and you give 4 to your little brother. To find out how many you have left, you subtract 4 from
1
0. We can use our fingers or draw dots. Draw 10 dots and then cross out 4 of them. You have 6 dots left. So, 10 - 4 =
6. You have 6 crayons remaining.
Example 2: There are 25 oranges in a basket. Jabu eats 7 oranges. How many oranges are left? We subtract 7 from
2
5. Start with 25, take away 5 to get to 20, then take away 2 more (from the 7) to get to
1
8. So, 25 - 7 = 18 oranges.
Number lines and subtraction: A number line also works for subtraction. Start at the first number (e.g., 10), and then jump backwards the number you are subtracting (e.g., 4). Count the jumps, and that's your answer.
Word Problems: Word problems are stories that need you to use your math skills to solve them. Read the problem carefully and decide whether you need to add or subtract. Look for key words like "altogether," "in total," "left," "remaining," "more than," and "less than."
Example: Nomusa has 8 apples. Sipho has 5 more apples than Nomusa. How many apples does Sipho have? This is an addition problem because Sipho has more apples. We need to add 5 to 8. 8 + 5 =
1
3. Sipho has 13 apples.
Inverse Relationship: Addition and subtraction are opposites. They undo each other. For example, if 5 + 3 = 8, then 8 - 3 = 5 and 8 - 5 =
3. Understanding this helps you check your answers. Guided Practice (With Solutions)
Question 1: Thabo has 14 stickers. He gives 6 stickers to his sister, Zanele. How many stickers does Thabo have left?
Solution: What to do: This is a subtraction problem because Thabo is giving away stickers.
Calculation: 14 - 6 = ? We can use our fingers, number line, or draw dots. Let's use our fingers. Start with
1
4. Count back 6: 13, 12, 11, 10, 9,
8. Answer: Thabo has 8 stickers left.
Question 2: Lerato collected 9 seashells at the beach. Her friend, Musa, collected 11 seashells. How many seashells did they collect in total?
Solution: What to do: This is an addition problem because we want to find the total number of seashells.
Calculation: 9 + 11 = ? We can use a number line. Start at 9, jump 11 steps forward. Alternatively, 9 + 1 = 10, and then 10 + 10 =
2
0. Answer: They collected 20 seashells in total.
Question 3: A farmer has 23 cows. He sells 5 cows at the market. How many cows does he have left?
Solution: What to do: This is a subtraction problem because the farmer is selling cows.
Calculation: 23 - 5 = ? We can subtract 3 from 23 to get to 20, then subtract the remaining 2 from 20 to get to
1
8. Answer: The farmer has 18 cows left.
Question 4: Maria baked 15 koeksisters. She ate 3 of them. Then, her mother baked 8 more koeksisters. How many koeksisters are there now?
Solution: What to do: This is a two-step problem. First, subtract the koeksisters Maria ate. Then, add the koeksisters her mother baked.
Calculation: Step 1: 15 - 3 =
1
2. Step 2: 12 + 8 = 20 Answer: There are now 20 koeksisters. Independent Practice (Questions Only) John has 7 toy cars. His father gives him 9 more. How many toy cars does John have now? Sarah had 28 beads. She used 12 beads to make a bracelet. How many beads does she have left? A baker made 16 loaves of bread. He sold 8 loaves in the morning. How many loaves did he have left to sell in the afternoon? There are 11 children playing in the park. 6 more children join them. How many children are playing in the park now? Lindiwe has 22 sweets. She shares 9 sweets with her friends. How many sweets does Lindiwe have left? A shopkeeper had 30 apples. He threw away 4 rotten apples. How many good apples are left? Sipho has 13 marbles. Thandi has 7 more marbles than Sipho. How many marbles does Thandi have? A school bus had 18 passengers. At the first stop, 5 passengers got off. How many passengers are left on the bus? Neo collected 14 eggs from the chickens.