Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Add numbers with sums up to 10.
• Subtract numbers with answers from 0 to 10.
• Solve word problems using addition and subtraction.
• Remember number bonds to 10.
• Show sums using pictures and number lines.

Lesson summary

Welcome, Grade 1 learners! This week, we are going to become super smart at addition and subtraction, but we're going to focus on sums and differences that stay within the number

1

0. This means we won't go higher than 10 when adding, and we won't go lower than 0 when subtracting. Why is this important? Well, imagine you are at the spaza shop buying sweets. You need to know if you have enough money to buy all the sweets you want! Knowing how to add and subtract quickly helps you figure that out. Or maybe you are sharing your toys with your friends. You need to know how many toys each friend will get. Addition and subtraction are used every day!

Lesson notes

What is Addition? Addition means putting things together. It's like gathering all your toys in one place to see how many you have altogether. The symbol for addition is "+", and we read it as "plus." For example, "2 + 3" means "2 plus 3." The answer to an addition problem is called the "sum." Example 1: Maria has 3 apples. Thabo gives her 2 more apples. How many apples does Maria have in total?

We can write this as an addition problem: 3 + 2 = ? To solve this, you can use your fingers, draw pictures, or use small objects like beads or counters. Start with 3 fingers up on one hand. Then, put up 2 fingers on your other hand.

Count all the fingers you have up: 1, 2, 3, 4,

5. So, 3 + 2 =

5. Maria has 5 apples. What is Subtraction? Subtraction means taking things away. It's like eating some of your sweets and seeing how many are left. The symbol for subtraction is "-", and we read it as "minus." For example, "5 - 2" means "5 minus 2." The answer to a subtraction problem is called the "difference." Example 2: Sipho has 7 marbles. He gives 4 marbles to his friend. How many marbles does Sipho have left? We can write this as a subtraction problem: 7 - 4 = ? Again, you can use your fingers, draw pictures, or use small objects. Start with 7 fingers up (you might need help from a friend!). Then, put down 4 fingers.

Count how many fingers are still up: 1, 2,

3. So, 7 - 4 =

3. Sipho has 3 marbles left. Number Bonds to 10 Number bonds are pairs of numbers that add up to a specific number. Number bonds to 10 are super important! Knowing these helps you add and subtract quickly.

Here are some number bonds to 10: 1 + 9 = 10 2 + 8 = 10 3 + 7 = 10 4 + 6 = 10 5 + 5 = 10 6 + 4 = 10 7 + 3 = 10 8 + 2 = 10 9 + 1 = 10 10 + 0 = 10 You can use your fingers to help you remember these. For example, if you know that you have 3 fingers up, you know you need 7 more fingers to make

1

0. Using a Number Line A number line is a line with numbers on it. It can help you visualize addition and subtraction.

Addition: Start at the first number in the problem. Then, jump forward the number of times shown in the second number. The number you land on is the answer.

Example: 4 + 3 = ? Start at 4 on the number line. Jump forward 3 spaces. You land on

7. So, 4 + 3 =

7. Subtraction: Start at the first number in the problem. Then, jump backward the number of times shown in the second number. The number you land on is the answer.

Example: 8 - 2 = ? Start at 8 on the number line. Jump backward 2 spaces. You land on

6. So, 8 - 2 =

6. Working with Word Problems Word problems tell you a story, and you need to figure out if you need to add or subtract.

Keywords for Addition: In all, altogether, total, plus, add, more.

Keywords for Subtraction: Left, difference, less, minus, take away, how many more.

Example 3: Lerato has 6 sweets. She eats 2 sweets. How many sweets are left? What is the problem asking? How many sweets are left? What information do we know? Lerato has 6 sweets, and she eats

2. What operation do we use? Subtraction (because she is eating them, so we are taking them away).

Write the problem: 6 - 2 = ?

Solve the problem: 6 - 2 =

4. Answer: Lerato has 4 sweets left. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Fatima has 4 oranges. Her mother gives her 3 more oranges. How many oranges does Fatima have now?

Solution: Operation: Addition (because we are putting the oranges together)

Problem: 4 + 3 = ?

Solution: You can use your fingers or draw circles.

Start with 4 circles: OOO

O. Then, add 3 more circles: OO

O. Count all the circles: OOOOOO

O. There are 7 circles. So, 4 + 3 =

7. Answer: Fatima has 7 oranges.

Question 2: John had 9 balloons. 5 of the balloons popped. How many balloons does John have left?

Solution: Operation: Subtraction (because the balloons popped, so we are taking them away)

Problem: 9 - 5 = ?

Solution: Start with 9 fingers (you may need help). Put down 5 fingers. How many fingers are left? 4 fingers. So, 9 - 5 =

4. Answer: John has 4 balloons left.

Question 3: Nomusa has 2 red pencils and 6 blue pencils. How many pencils does she have in all?

Solution: Operation: Addition (because we are finding the total number of pencils)

Problem: 2 + 6 = ?

Solution: Imagine a number line. Start at

2. Jump forward 6 spaces: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,

8. So, 2 + 6 =

8. Answer: Nomusa has 8 pencils in all.

Question 4: 10 children were playing in the park. 3 children went home. How many children are still playing in the park?

Solution: Operation: Subtraction (because some children left)

Problem: 10 - 3 = ?

Solution: Think of your number bonds to

1

0. You know that 3 + 7 =

1

0. So, if you take 3 away from 10, you are left with

7. So, 10 - 3 =

7. Answer: 7 children are still playing in the park. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Sarah has 5 marbles. David gives her 4 more marbles. How many marbles does Sarah have now? There were 8 birds sitting on a tree. 2 birds flew away. How many birds are left on the tree? Michael has 3 cars. His brother has 6 cars.