Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3
MAKING PREDICTIONS WITH DATA
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MAKING PREDICTIONS WITH DATA
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Subject: Additional Mathematics
Class: SHS 3
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 18
Grade code: 3.4.2.LI.5
Strand code: 4
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: 3.4.2.CS.1
Indicator code: 3.4.2.LI.5
Theme: HANDLING DATA
Subtheme: MAKING PREDICTIONS WITH DATA
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This lesson explores the powerful mathematical tools of permutation and combination. In our daily lives in Ghana, we are constantly faced with choices and arrangements. How many different ways can the DVLA issue new car number plates? How many different committees can be formed from the students in our class? How can we calculate the chances of winning the NLA lottery? Permutations and combinations provide a systematic way to count these possibilities, forming the foundation for making logical predictions and informed decisions in various fields like business, science, and technology. By mastering these concepts, we move from simple guessing to calculated reasoning.
Concept 1: The Fundamental Counting Principle (Product Rule)
This is the bedrock of our topic. It states that if one event can occur in m ways, and a second independent event can occur in n ways, then the two events can occur in sequence in m × n ways.
Example (Ghanaian Context): A student is choosing their lunch at the school canteen. They have the following options: Carbohydrate: Waakye, Jollof Rice, Kenkey (3 choices) Protein: Fried Fish, Chicken, Boiled Egg (3 choices) Drink: Sobolo, Asaana (2 choices)
How many different complete meal combinations (Carb + Protein + Drink) can the student make?