Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Identify and construct compound statements.
• Differentiate between simple and compound statements.
• Formulate and analyze compound statements in math.
• Apply logic to evaluate the truth of compound statements.
• Create real-life scenarios using algebraic statements.

Lesson summary

In our daily lives in Ghana, we constantly make and listen to statements. From discussing news on the radio, reading contracts, to understanding promises from leaders, the way we combine ideas is crucial. This lesson introduces the mathematical way of analysing these statements. Mathematical logic is the foundation of computer programming, legal arguments, and clear critical thinking. By learning to break down complex sentences (compound statements) into simple parts and understanding the words that connect them, we gain the power to analyse information precisely and make better, more logical decisions.

Lesson notes

2.1 What is a Statement?

In logic, a statement (or proposition) is a declarative sentence that can be clearly identified as either True or False, but not both. Examples of Statements: "Accra is the capital of Ghana." (This is a True statement). "The River Volta is the longest river in Africa." (This is a False statement). `3 + 5 = 8`. (This is a True statement). Examples of Non-Statements: "Come to the board." (This is a command, not a statement). "What is the time?" (This is a question, not a statement). "WASSCE is difficult." (This is an opinion; its truth is subjective). 2.2 Simple Statements

A simple statement is a statement that contains a single idea and cannot be broken down into smaller statements. We use lowercase letters like `p`, `q`, `r` to represent simple statements. Examples: `p`: It is raining. `q`: Kofi is a student at PRESEC. `r`: A triangle has three sides. 2.3 Compound Statements and Logical Connectives

A compound statement is formed by joining two or more simple statements using special words called logical connectives.

Evaluation guide

• Identify and construct compound statements and form simple statements using the
• connectives.
• Talk for Learning, Group work.
• Compound and simple statements