Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3
MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
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MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
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Subject: Chemistry
Class: SHS 3
Term: 1st Term
Week: 14
Grade code: 1.1.1.LI.4
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 1.1.1.CS.2
Indicator code: 1.1.1.LI.4
Theme: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Subtheme: MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
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Prepared by: An Expert Ghanaian Teacher Overview and Learning Objectives
2.1 The Mole and Avogadro's Constant
In chemistry, we deal with particles that are too small and numerous to count individually. To solve this, scientists created a unit called the mole. Definition: The Mole (symbol: mol) is the SI unit for the amount of a substance. It is defined as the amount of substance that contains exactly 6.02 x 10²³ elementary entities (e.g., atoms, molecules, ions, or electrons). Avogadro's Constant (L or Nₐ): This specific number, 6.02 x 10²³ entities per mole, is called Avogadro's constant. 1 mole of Carbon (C) atoms contains 6.02 x 10²³ Carbon atoms. 1 mole of Water (H₂O) molecules contains 6.02 x 10²³ Water molecules. 1 mole of Sodium ions (Na⁺) contains 6.02 x 10²³ Sodium ions.
Think of it like this: 1 dozen eggs = 12 eggs 1 crate of minerals = 24 bottles 1 mole of particles = 6.02 x 10²³ particles 2.2 Relationship 1: Amount of Substance (n) and Mass (m)
The mass of one mole of a substance is called its molar mass (M). Its unit is grams per mole (g/mol). The molar mass of a substance is numerically equal to its relative atomic/molecular/formula mass.