Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Describe different types of simple irrigation systems.
• Explain the importance of irrigation for plantation and fruit trees.
• Identify suitable irrigation methods for specific crops.
• Demonstrate basic skills in setting up a simple irrigation system.

Lesson summary

Welcome, future leaders of Ghana's agriculture! Today, we are exploring a critical component under the broad topic of Agricultural Machineries: Irrigation Systems. While we often think of tractors and ploughs as machinery, the systems and equipment that deliver water to our crops are just as important. In Ghana, our farming is often at the mercy of the rains. But what if we could control when and how much water our crops receive? This is the power of irrigation. By mastering simple irrigation techniques, we can farm all year round, significantly increase the yields of valuable crops like cocoa, mangoes, and oil palm, and build a more food-secure and prosperous Ghana.

Lesson notes

2.1 What is Irrigation?

Definition: Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops. It is used to supplement rainfall, especially during periods of drought or in arid and semi-arid regions like the northern parts of Ghana.

Why is it crucial for Ghana? Unreliable Rainfall: Climate change is making our rainy seasons less predictable. Dry Season Farming: Irrigation allows for year-round cultivation, increasing food production and farmer income. High-Value Crops: Plantation and fruit trees (e.g., cocoa, mango) require consistent water at critical stages (flowering, fruit development) to produce high yields and quality produce. Maximising Inputs: Fertilizers and other inputs are wasted if crops do not have enough water to absorb them. 2.2 Types of Simple Irrigation Systems

These systems are considered "simple" because they are relatively less complex and can be adapted for small to medium-scale farms.

Evaluation guide

• Describe the extent of adaptation to simple irrigation systems for the cultivation of
• selected plantation and fruit trees .
• Project -Based Learning: Practice irrigation on selected plantation s and fruit trees based on the
• conceptual