Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 2
AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Ghana app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Ghana app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Agriculture
Class: SHS 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Grade code: 2.1.2.LI.2
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: 2.1.2.CS.2
Indicator code: 2.1.2.LI.2
Theme: CONCEPT OF AGRICULTURE IN AN INDUSTRIA LIZING SOCIETY
Subtheme: AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.
For class groups and homework, share this lesson page so learners also get the summary, objectives, and full lesson context.
This lesson explores the crucial but often overlooked connection between raising animals (animal production) and the factories that create everyday products (industry). In Ghana, we often see farming as separate from manufacturing. However, animal farms are the starting point for a vast chain of industries that create jobs, generate income, and produce essential goods. We will discover how everything from the meat and milk of an animal to its bones, blood, and even manure, serves as a valuable resource for industries. Understanding this link is key to appreciating the full economic potential of agriculture in Ghana's development.
A. Defining Key Terms Agro-based Industry: This is any industry that uses agricultural products as its main raw material. For example, a factory that uses milk from cows to make FanYogo is an agro-based industry. A company that uses cowhide to make shoes is also an agro-based industry. Primary Raw Material: This is the main product for which an animal is raised. It is the most valuable part initially. Example: The primary raw material from a broiler chicken is its meat. The primary raw material from a dairy cow is its milk. Waste Material (or By-product): These are parts of the animal that are left over after the primary raw material has been taken. In the past, these were often thrown away, but today, industry has found valuable uses for them. They are also sometimes called 'secondary raw materials'. Example: After a cow is slaughtered for its meat, the bones, blood, hooves, and intestines are considered waste materials or by-products. B. Primary Raw Materials from Animal Production and Their Industrial Uses
Here, we explore the main products from common animals in Ghana and how industries transform them.
| Animal | Primary Raw Material | Industrial Process | Final Industrial Product(s) | Example Ghanaian Context | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Cattle | Meat | Processing, canning, smoking | Corned beef, Sausages ('Sossi'), Smoked beef ('Kilishi') | Meat processing plants, Local butchers | | | Milk | Pasteurisation, fermentation, freezing | Yoghurt, Fresh milk, Cheese, Ice cream | FanMilk PLC, Local 'Wagashi' producers | | | Hides/Skin | Tanning, treating | Leather | Shoes, bags, belts, drum skins, 'Ahenema' sandals | | Poultry (Chicken, Turkey) | Meat | Processing, smoking, frying | Frozen chicken parts, Smoked chicken, Fried chicken | Darko Farms, KFC, Local chicken sellers | | | Eggs | Grading, packaging, processing | Table eggs, Powdered eggs (for bakeries) | Akate Farms, Local poultry farms | | Goats / Sheep | Meat | Processing, smoking, grilling | Khebab, Goat soup base, Mutton | 'Khebab' joints, Restaurants ('Chop bars') | | | Skin | Tanning | Leather goods | Bags, sandals, talking drums ('dondo') | | Pigs | Meat (Pork) | Curing, smoking, processing | Bacon, Ham, Sausages, Pork chops | Pork processing companies, 'Domedo' sellers | | Fish (Aquaculture) | Flesh | Smoking, canning, freezing | Smoked fish, Canned sardines/mackerel, Frozen fish | Local fish smokers, Tuna canning factories in Tema | C. Waste Materials (By-products) from Animal Production and Their Industrial Uses
This is where agriculture becomes very efficient and sustainable. Almost no part of the animal is wasted.