Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 2
BASIC PHYSICS
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BASIC PHYSICS
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Subject: Physics
Class: SHS 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 3
Grade code: 2.1.1.LI.3
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.1.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.1.1.LI.3
Theme: MECHANICS AND MATTER
Subtheme: BASIC PHYSICS
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This lesson explores one of the most fundamental principles in fluid mechanics: the Principle of Flotation. We see this principle in action every day, from the wooden canoes used by fishermen on the Volta Lake to the massive cargo ships docked at Tema Harbour. Understanding why some objects, even incredibly heavy ones, can float while others sink is crucial for engineering, navigation, and even simple daily activities. This lesson builds directly on our previous work with Archimedes' Principle and aims to provide a clear, practical understanding of the forces that keep objects afloat.
Recap: Archimedes' Principle
Before we discuss flotation, let's remember Archimedes' Principle, which is the foundation for today's lesson. Archimedes' Principle states that: An object wholly or partially immersed in a fluid experiences an upthrust equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Upthrust (U) = Weight of displaced fluid (W_fluid)
This upthrust is the upward force from the fluid that pushes against any object placed in it. The Battle of Forces: Weight vs. Upthrust
Imagine you place an object, like a stone or a piece of wood, into water. There are two main vertical forces acting on it: Its own Weight (W_obj): Acting downwards due to gravity. The Upthrust (U): The upward force from the water, as described by Archimedes' Principle.