Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 1
COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SECURITY
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COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SECURITY
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Subject: Ict
Class: SHS 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 19
Grade code: 2.2.2.LI.2
Strand code: 2
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: 2.2.2.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.2.2.LI.2
Theme: NETWORK SYSTEMS FOR TRANSMI TTING INFORMATION
Subtheme: COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SECURITY
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In our daily lives, we use computers, smartphones, and the internet for everything from chatting on WhatsApp and watching videos to using Mobile Money (MoMo). Just as we lock the doors to our homes to keep thieves out, we must also learn how to "lock our digital doors" to protect our private information, money, and devices from online criminals. This lesson will introduce the fundamental tools and practices we use to stay safe online. We will explore the digital security guards (firewalls) and doctors (antivirus software) that work to protect us from cyber-attacks.
This section breaks down the core ideas you need to understand. We will start with the problem (attacks) and then look at the solutions (preventive mechanisms). Concept 1: What is a Computer Network Attack?
A computer network attack is an unauthorized attempt by an individual or organisation to access, damage, or steal information on a computer or network. Think of it as a digital thief trying to break into a house.
Common Examples Relevant to Us: Malware (Malicious Software): This is a general term for any software designed to cause harm. Virus: A program that attaches itself to other files and spreads from computer to computer, often slowing them down or deleting data. Imagine someone sneezing germs (the virus) onto a pen (a file) that everyone in class then uses. Ransomware: A type of malware that locks your files and demands a payment (a ransom) to unlock them. Phishing: An attack where criminals send deceptive emails or messages (e.g., a fake SMS from your bank or a MoMo promotion) to trick you into revealing personal information like passwords or PINs. Ghanaian Example: You receive an SMS saying "Congratulations! You have won GHS 500 from MTN. Click this link and enter your MoMo PIN to claim your prize." This is a phishing attack. Concept 2: Preventive Mechanisms - Our Digital Defences
Preventive mechanisms are the steps and tools we use *before* an attack happens to block it or reduce its impact. It's better to prevent a thief from entering than to try and catch them after they've stolen something. A. Antivirus Software: The Digital Doctor