Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 1
ECONOMIC PRODUCTION OF CROPS
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ECONOMIC PRODUCTION OF CROPS
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Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: SHS 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 14
Grade code: 2.2.1.LI.2
Strand code: 2
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.2.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.2.1.LI.2
Theme: FARMING FOR JOBS AND INCOMES
Subtheme: ECONOMIC PRODUCTION OF CROPS
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Welcome, future agri-entrepreneurs! Today, we are moving beyond just growing food for the family kitchen. We are exploring how to farm as a business to create jobs and generate income. In Ghana, agriculture is the backbone of our economy, and young people like you have the potential to modernize it. This topic, "Economic Production of Crops," will equip you with the practical skills to plan, cultivate, and market selected arable crops profitably. We will focus on crops we see every day—cereals like maize, legumes like cowpea, and tubers like cassava—and learn the step-by-step process of turning a piece of land into a source of income.
This section breaks down the entire process of producing a crop for profit. We will use Maize (a cereal) as our primary example, with references to Cassava (a tuber) and Cowpea (a legume) to show differences. Concept 1: Understanding Arable Crops
Arable crops are plants grown on land that is ploughed or tilled for cultivation. They are typically harvested within a year. For our study, we group them into three main categories: Cereals: These are grasses grown for their edible starchy seeds (grains). They are rich in carbohydrates. *Ghanaian Examples:* Maize (Aburo), Rice (Omo), Sorghum, Millet. Legumes: These are plants in the pea family, often grown for their seeds which are rich in protein. A key feature is their ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, making it more fertile. *Ghanaian Examples:* Cowpea (Adua), Groundnut (Nkateɛ), Soybean, Bambara beans. Tubers and Roots: These are crops grown for their underground storage organs, which are rich in starch. *Tubers (Stem):* Yam (Bayere), Cocoyam (Mankani). *Roots (Root):* Cassava (Bankye), Sweet Potato. Concept 2: The Production Process: From Plan to Profit
Economic production is a systematic process. Let's follow the steps.
Step 1: Planning and Organisation (The "Organise" Phase)