Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - KG 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Name three healthy foods.
• Show how to wash your hands properly.
• Tell us why playing is good for you.
• Know what is safe and unsafe to do.
• List two safety rules for home and school.

Lesson summary

This lesson is about one of the most important things we can do to stay healthy and strong: washing our hands properly. In Ghana, we love to play outside, help our parents, and eat delicious foods like fufu, kenkey, and banku with our hands. Because we use our hands so much, they can pick up tiny, invisible things called germs that can make us sick with a "running stomach" (diarrhoea) or a cough. Learning to wash these germs away with soap and water is a superpower that helps us, our families, and our friends stay healthy and happy. This lesson will teach us exactly how and when to use this superpower!

Lesson notes

This topic revolves around a few simple but crucial ideas. We will explain them using simple language and analogies that a KG2 child can understand. Concept 1: What are Germs? (In Twi: *Jɛmisi* or *Mmoawa a yɛnhunu no*)

Germs are tiny, tiny living things that are all around us. They are so small that we cannot see them with our eyes. Explanation: "Imagine tiny, invisible ants crawling on everything you touch – the floor, the door handle, the ball you play with, even on your hands after you use the toilet. These are germs. Some germs are okay, but some are 'bad guys' that can get inside our bodies and make us sick. When you have a running stomach, a cough, or a fever, it's often because these bad germs got inside you." Analogy: "Think of dirt. You can see dirt on your hands after playing. Germs are like invisible dirt. Even if your hands look clean, the germs might still be there, hiding." Concept 2: The Power of Soap and Water

Soap is a special germ-fighter. Water alone is not strong enough to get rid of all the germs. Explanation: "When you use only water, it’s like trying to push the germs around. They might still hold on to your skin. But when you add soap, it’s like a superhero! The soap helps to lift the germs and dirt off your hands. When you rub your hands together, you create bubbles (lather), which trap the germs. Then, the clean water washes the soap and all the trapped germs away, down the drain." Example: "It's like washing a greasy stew pot. If you only use water, the oil stays. But when Mummy adds 'Alata samina' or 'Azuma', the soap breaks up the oil so it can be washed away. Soap does the same thing to germs on our hands." Concept 3: When MUST We Wash Our Hands?

There are special times when it is *very* important to wash our hands because that’s when germs are most likely to get into our bodies or spread to others. We can remember them with the acronym T.A.P.S. T - Toilet: Always wash your hands after using the toilet or latrine. A - Animals: Wash your hands after touching or playing with animals like goats, chickens, or cats. P - Playing: Wash your hands after playing outside, especially in the sand or dirt. S - Sneezing/Sickness: Wash your hands after you cough, sneeze into your hands, or blow your nose.