Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 3
LIFE CYCLE OF ORGANISMS
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LIFE CYCLE OF ORGANISMS
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 3
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Grade code: B9.2.2.1.1
Strand code: 2
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: B9.2.2.1
Indicator code: B9.2.2.1.1
Theme: CYCLES
Subtheme: LIFE CYCLE OF ORGANISMS
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Organisms grow and change in stages. Understanding the life cycle of the grasshopper helps learners to: recognise how insects develop and reproduce, understand why some insects become pests on farms (e.g., eating maize, vegetables, and grasses), apply knowledge of life cycles to control pests at the right stage (for example, targeting nymphs before they become strong, flying adults). In many Ghanaian communities, grasshoppers are commonly seen in farms, school compounds, football fields, and bushy areas, especially during the rainy season when grasses grow well.
A. Meaning of “Life Cycle” A life cycle is the series of stages an organism passes through from birth (or hatching) to adulthood, and then reproduction to produce young ones again.
For insects, the life cycle usually includes: egg stage young stage adult stage B. Metamorphosis (Change in Form) Metamorphosis is the process of change in body form as an organism grows from young to adult.
There are two main types: Incomplete metamorphosis Stages: Egg → Nymph → Adult The young one (nymph) looks like a small adult but without wings and reproductive organs. No pupa stage. Complete metamorphosis Stages: Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult The larva looks very different from the adult (e.g., caterpillar vs butterfly). There is a pupa stage where major body reorganisation occurs.
C. Life Cycle of a Grasshopper (Incomplete Metamorphosis) Stage 1: Egg Where eggs are laid: Female grasshopper lays eggs in soil, often in pods (egg cases). Protection: The egg pod protects eggs from drying out and from some predators. Behaviour/activities: Eggs do not feed or move. They develop inside the soil until conditions are suitable (often after rains when the soil is moist).