Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 2
WASTE MANAGEMENT
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WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 2
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 4
Grade code: B8.5.1.1.1
Strand code: 5
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: B8.5.1.1
Indicator code: B8.5.1.1.1
Theme: HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Subtheme: WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Waste management means how we handle the rubbish we produce so it does not harm people, animals, water bodies, and the environment. In Ghana, poor waste handling can cause cholera and typhoid, block gutters leading to flooding (especially in rainy seasons), create bad odour, and increase mosquito breeding (malaria). Sustainable waste management helps us keep our communities clean now without destroying the environment and resources for future generations.
A. Meaning of Waste Waste is any unwanted material that we throw away after use. Examples in Ghanaian homes/schools: sachet water rubbers, plastic bottles, food leftovers, paper, old clothes, broken buckets, cans, used batteries. B. What is Sustainable Waste Management? Sustainable waste management is handling waste in a way that: protects human health (prevents diseases), protects the environment (reduces pollution), saves resources (materials and energy), and can be continued long-term without causing harm.
A simple way to remember: Sustainable = Clean + Safe + Resource-saving + Future-friendly
C. Types of Waste (Important for choosing the right method) 1) Biodegradable vs Non-biodegradable Biodegradable waste: can rot and decompose naturally by microorganisms. Examples: food leftovers, fruit peels, leaves, paper (often biodegradable), animal droppings. Non-biodegradable waste: does not rot easily; stays long in the environment. Examples: plastics (sachet rubbers), glass, metals, Styrofoam, some synthetic fabrics. 2) Recyclable vs Non-recyclable Recyclable: can be processed and used again as raw material. Examples: plastic bottles (some types), aluminium cans, scrap metal, glass bottles, paper. Non-recyclable: cannot be recycled easily or safely (or no facility exists). Examples: dirty diapers, heavily contaminated plastics, some mixed-material packaging.
> Note: Some items may be recyclable in theory but not recycled locally due to lack of facilities. Sustainability also considers what is practical in the community.