Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 2
WEB TECHNOLOGIES
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WEB TECHNOLOGIES
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Subject: Computing
Class: JHS 2
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 4
Grade code: B8.3.4.1.1
Strand code: 3
Sub-strand code: 4
Content standard code: B8.3.4.1
Indicator code: B8.3.4.1.1
Theme: COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Subtheme: WEB TECHNOLOGIES
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The internet is like the world's biggest library, but without a very organised catalogue. If you don't know how to ask for information correctly, you can get lost or find the wrong thing. This lesson will teach you how to become an expert searcher. Instead of just typing one or two words into Google and hoping for the best, you will learn special techniques to find exactly what you need for your homework, projects, and even for solving everyday problems like finding a recipe for `ampesi` or learning about the history of the Osu Castle. Mastering these skills will save you time and help you get more accurate and useful information.
A. What is a Web Browser and a Search Engine? Web Browser: This is the software you use to access the internet. Examples are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. It's the "car" that takes you around the internet. Search Engine: This is a website or tool inside the browser that helps you find information on the internet. Examples are Google, Bing, and Yahoo!. It's the "map" or "librarian" that helps you find what you are looking for. B. Why Simple Searches Are Not Always Enough Imagine you want to find information about the independence day speech of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah. If you just type `Nkrumah speech independence` into Google, the search engine might show you: Websites about Dr. Nkrumah. Websites about speeches in general. Websites about Ghana's independence.
The results might not have the *exact* speech you are looking for. To be effective, we need to give the search engine better instructions. These instructions are called search techniques. C. Key Search Techniques Technique 1: Using Quotation Marks (" ") for Exact Phrases This is one of the most powerful techniques. When you put your search terms in quotation marks, you are telling the search engine to find those exact words in that exact order. Problem: Searching for `Ghana national anthem lyrics` might give you pages that mention "Ghana" and "lyrics" but not the full anthem. Solution: Searching for `"Ghana national anthem lyrics"` will only show pages that contain that exact phrase.
Example: Weak Search: `capital city of Western Region` Effective Search: `"capital city of the Western Region"` Technique 2: Using Boolean Operators These are simple words (like AND, OR, NOT) that act as special commands for the search engine.
a) The `AND` Operator (To Narrow Your Search) The `AND` operator tells the search engine to only show results that contain ALL the keywords you have listed. It helps to make your search more specific. Most search engines, like Google, automatically use `AND`, but it is a good concept to know. Purpose: To find pages that include two or more different ideas. Example: You want to find information about cocoa farming specifically in the Ashanti Region. Search Query: `cocoa farming AND Ashanti Region` Result: This will give you pages that discuss both cocoa farming and the Ashanti Region, not just one or the other.