Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 2

Lesson Video

This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.

For class groups and homework, share this lesson page so learners also get the summary, objectives, and full lesson context.

Performance objectives

• Describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• Compare and contrast the two types of cells.
• Identify the functions of various cell parts.
• Draw and label both a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell.

Lesson summary

All living things in Ghana—humans, goats, maize plants, mushrooms, and even the bacteria that spoil kenkey—are made of cells. Understanding cell structure helps learners explain real issues such as disease (cholera, typhoid), food spoilage, fermentation (yoghurt, pito), and how plants grow. In this lesson, learners will examine and describe the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and compare them using clear criteria.

Lesson notes

A. What is a cell? A cell is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all life processes (nutrition, respiration, growth, reproduction, excretion, response).

Cell theory (simple form for JHS): All living things are made of cells. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. New cells come from existing cells.

B. Two main cell types Living cells are grouped into: Prokaryotic cells (e.g., bacteria, cyanobacteria) Eukaryotic cells (e.g., animal cells, plant cells, fungi, protozoa)

The key difference is the presence of a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Evaluation guide

• Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• Create a table to show a chart or a slideshow depicting images and
• labels of the types of cells. Identify their differences and similarities
• after observation.