Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 1
AGRICULTURAL TOOLS
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AGRICULTURAL TOOLS
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 1
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 8
Grade code: B7.4.5.1.1
Strand code: 4
Sub-strand code: 5
Content standard code: B7.4.5.1
Indicator code: B7.4.5.1.1
Theme: FORCES AND ENERGY
Subtheme: AGRICULTURAL TOOLS
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Agricultural tools are the simple machines and implements farmers use to do work on the farm—clearing land, planting, weeding, harvesting, feeding animals, and cleaning pens. In Ghana, many families depend on farming (crop and animal), so knowing how to handle and maintain tools safely prevents injuries, reduces cost, and increases productivity. Proper handling also protects the environment (e.g., preventing oil spills, rust, and broken parts left on farms).
A. Meaning of Agricultural Tools Agricultural tools are devices used to make farm work easier and faster. Many are simple tools (hand tools) that use human effort. Examples in Ghanaian contexts Crop farm tools Cutlass (machete): clearing weeds, cutting stakes, harvesting plantain Hoe: weeding, making ridges/mounds Rake: gathering leaves, leveling seedbeds Spade/Shovel: digging, moving soil/manure Hand trowel: transplanting seedlings (e.g., pepper, tomato) Watering can: watering seedlings in a nursery Wheelbarrow: carrying soil, manure, harvested produce Sickle: harvesting rice, grass cutting
Animal farm tools Feed trough / feeding pan: feeding poultry, goats Water trough / drinker: supplying water Broom/brush: cleaning pens, removing droppings Shovel/spade: removing manure Rope/halter: restraining animals safely Bucket: carrying water, feed Wheelbarrow: transporting manure and bedding materials
B. Handling vs Maintenance (Definitions) Handling means the correct and safe way of using, carrying, passing, and operating a tool to prevent injury and damage.
Maintenance means the care given to a tool to keep it in good working condition, such as cleaning, drying, sharpening, oiling, tightening, repairing, and proper storage.