Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 1
FARMING SYSTEMS
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FARMING SYSTEMS
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 3
Grade code: B7.3.4.1.1
Strand code: 3
Sub-strand code: 4
Content standard code: B7.3.4.1
Indicator code: B7.3.4.1.1
Theme: SYSTEMS
Subtheme: FARMING SYSTEMS
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Farming is one of the main ways families in Ghana get food and income. The way a farmer organises land, labour, crops, animals, tools, and money is called a farming system. Different farming systems are used in Ghana (e.g., subsistence farming, commercial farming, mixed farming, shifting cultivation, plantation farming, irrigation farming). Understanding the differences among farming systems helps learners to: appreciate why some areas produce more food than others, understand environmental issues like deforestation and soil fertility loss, make better decisions about farming as a future livelihood or business.
2.1 Meaning of Farming System A farming system is the organised way a farmer uses: Land (size, location, ownership), Labour (family labour or hired workers), Capital/inputs (tools, seeds, fertiliser, pesticides, machinery), Crops and/or animals, to produce food and other products.
A farming system includes the farmer’s purpose (for home use or for sale), methods, and management.
2.2 Types of Farming Systems (Ghana and Elsewhere) and Their Characteristics
Below are common farming systems, with clear features and Ghanaian examples. A. Subsistence Farming Definition: Farming mainly to feed the farmer’s family; little is sold.