Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 1
DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
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DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
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Subject: Physical Education And Health
Class: JHS 1
Term: 1st Term
Week: 6
Grade code: B7.1.2.1.1
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: B7.1.2.1
Indicator code: B7.1.2.1.1
Theme: HEALTH EDUCATION
Subtheme: DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
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Many JHS learners in Ghana spend long hours sitting—during lessons, at home doing homework, watching TV, playing phone games, or using social media. When we sit for too long and do little physical activity, the body becomes less fit and some diseases become more likely. Understanding common diseases linked to sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity helps learners make healthier choices, prevent illness, and support family and community health.
A. Meaning of Key Terms 1) Sedentary behaviour Activities done mostly sitting or lying down with very low energy use. Examples (Ghanaian context): Sitting for long hours watching TV/telenovelas Long hours on phone (TikTok, WhatsApp, gaming) Sitting in a trotro for long distances without movement Sitting to sell at a kiosk all day without breaks
2) Physical inactivity Not doing enough moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to keep the body healthy. Example: A learner who does not play, walk, run, skip, sweep, fetch water, or do any sports most days.
Important relationship A person can be sedentary and also physically inactive (common). But someone can exercise for 30 minutes and still be sedentary if they sit for the rest of the day. Example: A learner plays football for 30 minutes but sits for 6–8 hours gaming afterward.
B. Why Sedentary Behaviour Can Cause Disease (Simple Body Explanation) When we sit too much: Blood flow slows, and the heart works less efficiently. The body burns fewer calories, leading to weight gain. Muscles become weaker and joints become stiff. The body may handle sugar poorly, increasing risk of type 2 diabetes. Fat and cholesterol can build up in blood vessels, increasing risk of hypertension and heart disease. Mood and sleep can be affected, increasing risk of stress and depression.