Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 1
Fractions, Decimals a nd Percentages
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Fractions, Decimals a nd Percentages
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Ghana app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Mathematics
Class: JHS 1
Term: 1st Term
Week: 15
Grade code: B7.1.3.3.3
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 3
Content standard code: B7.1.3.3
Indicator code: B7.1.3.3.3
Theme: NUMBER
Subtheme: Fractions, Decimals a nd Percentages
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In our daily lives in Ghana, we often need to share things that are not whole. Imagine sharing half a loaf of bread among friends, or dividing a family plot of land. How do we calculate what each person gets? This is where dividing fractions becomes essential. It helps us to accurately split parts of a whole into smaller, equal parts. Today's lesson will not only teach you *how* to divide fractions but also *why* the method we use works, making you confident in solving real-world problems.
This lesson focuses on answering one main question: "How many times does a small fraction fit into a bigger one?" For example, "How many ¼ litre cups can I fill from a ½ litre bottle of water?" This is a division problem: ½ ÷ ¼. Concept 1: The Reciprocal (The "Flip")
The most important idea for dividing fractions is the reciprocal. The reciprocal of a fraction is simply the fraction turned upside down. We "flip" the numerator and the denominator. The reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2. The reciprocal of 1/5 is 5/1 (which is just 5). The reciprocal of a whole number like 4 (which is 4/1) is 1/4.
Why is the reciprocal important? When you multiply a fraction by its reciprocal, the answer is always 1. Example: ²/₃ × ³/₂ = ⁶/₆ = 1. This "cancelling out" effect is the secret to why our division method works. Concept 2: The Process of Dividing Fractions - "Keep, Change, Flip" (KCF)
This is a simple, 3-step rule to remember how to divide fractions. KEEP the first fraction exactly as it is. CHANGE the division sign (÷) to a multiplication sign (×). FLIP the second fraction to its reciprocal.