Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Primary 6

Week 1

Subject: ��� ��� Basic Science

Duration: ��� ��� 40 mins

Reference: ��� ��� Easy way to basic science and technology

Objective: At the end of the lesson pupils should be able to

1. Define drugs
2. Know different types of drugs

Content

Drugs are chemical substances either naturally found in plant and animals or artificially made by man.

Types of drugs

Naturally occurring drugs: These are drugs that exist in nature and are not made by man.

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• Salt: Table salt or sodium chloride is a substance which we use in our food. This substance does not cause any harm to man in small but in large quantities. It disrupts the salt balance in the body and affects blood pressure.

• Tobacco: This contains dangerous chemical like nicotine and tar. The tar is deposited in the respiratory tract and causes damage to the lungs. Nicotine gets into the food blood and has several effects.

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Effects of nicotine

1. It relaxes the nerves
2. It increases heart beat��
3. It causes high blood pressure for a long time as well as heart defects�
4. Nicotine paralysis the nerves
5. It causes defects in the foetus when the mother smoke.
6. It causes addiction

Effect of smoking

1. It causes cancer
2. It causes high acidity in the stomach
3. It weakens the immune system
4. It causes heart diseases
5. It causes addiction

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• Alcohol: Alcohol is formed in many starchy foods and fruit Juices when they are acted upon by microbes like yeast and bacteria. It is commonly consumed as wine, beer, rice, toddy, whisky, rum and vodka.

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Effects of alcohol intake

1. It release heat in the body
2. Alcohol is a depressant and dulls the senses
3. It can even cause kidney damage and heart problems
4. Alcohol is very addictive

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• Tea and coffee: This contains a substance called caffeine.

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Effects of caffeine

1. It increases alertness
2. It improves performance
3. It causes insomnia (lack of sleep)
4. High doses of caffeine cause nervousness and restlessness
5. It causes anxiety, irritability, irregular heart and decreased concentration.

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• Opium: This is got from poppy plant. The drug is extracted from plant.

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Effects of opium

1. It causes loss of weight
2. It is used as a sap and can kill
3. It reduces euphoria (bring about excitement)
4. It is very addictive
5. �It causes nervous problems

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Synthetic drugs

Synthetic drugs are man-made drugs that are produced by pharmaceutical companies through the mixture of chemical compounds. These also cause addiction and have many side effects on the nervous system. Examples include cocaine, brown sugar and heroin.

Presentation

Step 1: Teacher revises previous lesson with pupils

Step 2: Teacher introduces and explain new topic to pupils

Step 3:Pupils are allowed to ask questions

Step 4: Teacher writes note on the board for pupils

Evaluation:

1. Define naturally occurring drugs and give three examples
2. Define synthetic drugs and give three examples
3. State two effects each of the following drugs

1. Caffeine��� b)Nicotine��� c)Opium��� d)Alcohol

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Conclusion: Teacher moves round for inspection, marking and correction of notes where necessary.

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