Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 3

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK FIVE

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: HISTORY

Topic: MILITARY INTERVENTION IN AFRICAN POLITICS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Explain why the military intervened in African politics

II.) Examine the boundary disputes and the threat to African unity

III.) Describe the functions of Commonwealth, OAU (AU), ECOWAS, UNO, and OPEC

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher explains n why the military intervened in African politics and discuss the boundary disputes and the threat to African unity	Students listens attentively to the teacher
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher discusses the functions of Commonwealth, OAU (AU), ECOWAS, UNO, and OPEC.	Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement
STEP 3 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

MILITARY INTERVENTION IN AFRICAN POLITICS

Military intervention in African politics has been a recurrent phenomenon since the era of decolonization. Initially, military coups were often justified as responses to corruption, ineffective governance, or threats to national security. However, these interventions often led to prolonged military rule, human rights abuses, and political instability. Military regimes tended to centralize power, suppress dissent, and undermine democratic institutions, hindering the development of participatory governance and undermining socio-economic progress.

Boundary Disputes and the Threat to African Unity

Boundary disputes in Africa have been a source of tension and conflict since the colonial era. Arbitrary borders drawn by colonial powers often divided ethnic groups, disrupted traditional trade routes, and created fertile ground for disputes over land, resources, and sovereignty. These disputes continue to pose challenges to African unity, as unresolved conflicts fuel regional tensions, undermine cross-border cooperation, and hinder efforts towards integration and development.

The Commonwealth, OAU (AU), ECOWAS, UNO, and OPEC

1. The Commonwealth: Originally established as the British Commonwealth of Nations, the Commonwealth is an association of independent states, most of which were formerly part of the British Empire. It promotes cooperation, democracy, human rights, and development among its member states.
2. Organization of African Unity (OAU) and African Union (AU): The OAU was founded in 1963 to promote unity and solidarity among African states and coordinate collective action on issues of common concern, including decolonization, apartheid, and regional conflict resolution. In 2002, the OAU was replaced by the AU, which seeks to accelerate integration, promote peace and security, and foster socio-economic development on the continent.
3. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS): ECOWAS is a regional economic bloc established in 1975 to promote economic integration and development in West Africa. It aims to create a common market, facilitate trade, and enhance cooperation among its member states.
4. United Nations Organization (UNO): The United Nations is a global organization founded in 1945 to promote international peace and security, foster cooperation among nations, and address global challenges. The UN plays a central role in conflict resolution, humanitarian assistance, and development cooperation in Africa, working closely with regional organizations and member states to promote peace, stability, and sustainable development.
5. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): OPEC is a cartel of oil-producing nations, including several African countries, that coordinates policies and production levels to stabilize oil markets and ensure fair prices for member states. EVALUATION: 1. Explain why the military intervened in African politics
6. Identify 2 boundary disputes and the threat to African unity
7. Give the functions of each of : Commonwealth, OAU (AU),

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively