Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 3

TERM – 1^ST TERM

WEEK SEVEN

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Topic:  ANIMAL DISEASES AND AGENTS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.)  Define diseases

II.) Identify the disease-causing agents

III.) Identify factors predisposing farm animals to diseases

IV.) Identify the basic symptoms of farm animal’s diseases.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

 ANIMAL DISEASES AND AGENTS

Diseases in farm animals refer to any deviation from normal health, physiological, or anatomical functions that adversely affect their well-being. These deviations can manifest as abnormalities in behavior, appearance, or performance, and may be caused by infectious agents, environmental factors, genetic predispositions, or a combination thereof.

Disease-Causing Organisms

1. Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms that can cause a wide range of diseases in farm animals, including pneumonia, mastitis, and enteritis.
2. Viruses: Infectious agents consisting of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat, responsible for diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza, and swine fever.
3. Fungi: Microscopic organisms that can cause diseases like ringworm and dermatitis in farm animals.
4. Protozoa: Single-celled organisms that can cause diseases such as coccidiosis and babesiosis in livestock.
5. Parasitic Worms: Internal and external parasites that can infect farm animals, including nematodes (roundworms), trematodes (flukes), and cestodes (tapeworms).

 Factors Predisposing Farm Animals to Diseases

1. Poor Nutrition: Inadequate or imbalanced diets can weaken the immune system and increase susceptibility to diseases.
2. Stress: Environmental stressors such as overcrowding, transportation, and changes in weather or management practices can compromise the immune response and increase the risk of disease.
3. Poor Hygiene: Inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices can create favorable conditions for the proliferation of disease-causing organisms.
4. Genetics: Genetic factors can influence an animal's susceptibility to certain diseases or their ability to resist infections.
5. Age: Young animals and older animals may have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to diseases.
6. Environmental Factors: Exposure to harsh environmental conditions, contaminated water sources, and poor ventilation can increase the risk of disease transmission.

 Basic Symptoms of Farm Animal Diseases:

1. Fever
2. Loss of Appetite
3. Reduced Feed Intake
4. Lethargy
5. Weight Loss
6. Decreased Milk Production (in dairy animals)
7. Coughing or Respiratory Distress
8. Diarrhea or Constipation
9. Abnormalities in Feces (e.g., blood, mucus)
10. Lameness or Difficulty Walking

EVALUATION: 1. Define diseases

2. Identify and describe 5 disease causing agents
3. Identify 5 factors predisposing farm animals to diseases
4. Identify 5 basic symptoms of farm animals diseases.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively