Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 3

Child birth/development

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Term: 1st Term

Week: 6

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:      Home management

Topic:-       Child birth/development

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

:

  1. Discuss gestation period
  2. Classify stages of labor.

NSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on capital market

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She explains the gestation period

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She explains the stages of labor

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

CHILD BIRTH AND DEVELOPMENT

The gestation period is how long a woman is pregnant. Most babies are born between 38 and 42 weeks of gestation.

Babies born before 37 weeks are considered premature. Babies born after 42 weeks are called postmature.

 

STAGES OF LABOR
The first stage of labour: dilation

The first stage is when the neck of the womb (cervix) opens to 10cm dilated.

Before labour starts, your cervix is long and firm. During the first hours of labour, the muscles of the uterus (womb) contract and help shorten and soften the cervix, so that it can dilate (open).

 

For first-time mothers, this stage can last from six to 36 hours.

During this time you might experience:

  • Contractions - some can be quite mild, like a period pain; others can be sharp and strong. Initially, the contractions will be short (between 30 to 40 seconds) and irregular. Once contractions are five minutes apart and a minute or more in length, labour is said to be 'established'.
  • A 'show' - the discharge of a plug of mucus that can be thick and stringy or blood-tinged. This may happen the day you go into labour, or up to a week before.
  • 'Breaking of your waters' - this means the amniotic sac around your baby has ruptured.

 

When to ring your hospital

  • Your contractions are coming every five minutes, lasting longer than 50 seconds and have been getting stronger for at least two to three hours.
  • You have severe or constant abdominal pain with a tight abdomen.
  • Your water has broken and it is clear or has a tinge of pink. Put on a sanitary pad and check it after an hour. If it is wet, please ring us.
  • Your water has broken and it is green or brown. Call us immediately - you will be advised to come into hospital.
  • If there is a change in the pattern of your baby's movements..
  • You notice any vaginal bleeding - bright red vaginal bleeding is not normal.

 

The second stage of labour: your baby

The second stage is when the baby moves down through the vagina and is born.

The second stage of labour begins when the cervix is fully dilated (open) and the baby's head moves down out of the uterus and into the vagina (or birth canal). Your job at this stage is to push the baby through the birth canal, so you'll need focused determination and energy.

The birth of your baby may take 30 minutes to an hour or longer. This second stage could be further extended if you have an epidural.

A small number of women will require assistance with their births, either by forceps or ventouse (vacuum extraction). The obstetrician will choose which is best for your situation.

 

The third stage of labour: the placenta

The third stage is when the placenta (afterbirth) is delivered. 

The final stage of labour is delivery of the placenta. This can happen in one of two ways listed below

  • Physiological management. Physiological third stage means waiting for your placenta to deliver spontaneously with your effort. This may take up to an hour following the birth; while you're waiting, skin-to-skin with your baby and a first breastfeed will be encouraged.
  • Active management. Active management involves injecting an ecbolic (contracting drug) into your leg as your baby's shoulders are born. The ecbolic speeds up placental separation and your uterus (womb) contracts down to reduce blood loss and ensure your womb remains contracted.  

  

EVALUATION:    1. Define gestation

  1. Outline the three stages of labor

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively