Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 3 - Electrical installation faults

TERM: 1^ST TERM

WEEK SIX

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FAULTS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define electrical installation fault

II.) Identify the types of installation fault

III.) State the impact of Electrical Faults in Circuits

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FAULTS

Electrical installation faults refer to abnormalities or malfunctions in electrical systems that can compromise safety, reliability, and performance. These faults can occur due to various reasons, including improper installation, equipment failure, environmental factors, or human error.

Types of installation fault

Common types of electrical installation faults include short circuits, open circuits, and earth faults.

1. Short Circuit: A short circuit occurs when two conductors with different potentials come into direct contact, creating a low-resistance path for current flow. This results in a sudden increase in current, which can lead to overheating, arcing, and potentially, equipment damage or fire. Common causes of short circuits include damaged insulation, loose connections, or faulty equipment.
2. Open Circuit: An open circuit occurs when there is a break or discontinuity in the electrical path, preventing current flow. This can result from broken wires, loose connections, blown fuses, or faulty switches. Open circuits disrupt the flow of electricity, leading to non-functional circuits or devices.
3. Earth Fault: An earth fault, also known as a ground fault, occurs when a live conductor comes into contact with the earth or grounded surface. This can happen due to insulation failure, damaged cables, or equipment malfunction.

Earth faults can lead to unintended current paths, electrical shocks, equipment damage, and fire hazards.

Impact of Electrical Faults in Circuits

Electrical faults in circuits can have significant impacts across various domains:

1. Faults can result in electric shocks, which can cause injuries or even fatalities. Fires can also occur due to overheating or short circuits, endangering lives and property.
2. Faults can damage electrical equipment such as computers, appliances, and machinery, leading to costly repairs or replacements. In industrial settings, equipment failures can disrupt production processes, resulting in financial losses.
3. Faults can cause power outages, disrupting daily activities, affecting businesses, and leading to economic losses.
4. Electrical faults can trigger fires or explosions, releasing harmful substances into the environment. Additionally, the disposal of damaged equipment can contribute to electronic waste, posing environmental challenges.
5. Businesses may experience downtime during repairs or restoration efforts, impacting productivity and revenue. In some cases, prolonged outages can lead to reputation.

EVALUATION: 1. What is electrical installation fault?

2. Mention 4 types of electrical installation fault
3. State the impact of electrical installation fault in circuits.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively