Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 3 - Energy and energy conversion

TERM: 1^ST TERM

WEEK FOUR

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: ENERGY AND ENERGY CONVERSION

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define energy

II.) State the unit of energy

III.) Identify the types of energy

IV.) Discuss the conversion of energy

V.) Identify the examples of energy conversion

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

ENERGY AND ENERGY CONVERSION

Energy is the capacity to do work or produce heat. It is a fundamental quantity in physics and is essential for all forms of life and processes in the universe. Energy exists in various forms and can be converted from one form to another.

The unit of energy is the joule (J) in the International System of Units (SI). One joule is defined as the amount of energy transferred or expended when a force of one newton is applied over a distance of one meter in the direction of the force.

Types of energy

1. Kinetic Energy: Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. The kinetic energy of an object depends on its mass and velocity and is given by the equation: KE = ½ x mass x velocity²
2. Potential Energy: Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration.

   - Gravitational potential energy is the energy associated with an object's position relative to a gravitational field, and it is given by the equation: PE = mass x gravitational acceleration x height.

   - Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to deformation, such as stretching or compressing a spring.

3. Chemical Energy: Chemical energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms and molecules. When chemical reactions occur, energy can be released (exothermic reactions) or absorbed (endothermic reactions) depending on the nature of the reaction.
4. Thermal Energy: Thermal energy is the energy associated with the temperature of an object or system. It represents the total kinetic energy of the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up the object or system.
5. Electrical Energy: Electrical energy is the energy associated with the movement of electric charges. It is generated by the flow of electrons through conductors and is used to power electrical devices and systems.
6. Nuclear Energy: Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. It is released during nuclear reactions, such as fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) and fusion (combining of atomic nuclei), and is the source of energy in nuclear power plants and the sun.

Conversion of Energy

Energy conversion refers to the process of changing one form of energy into another form. In most cases, energy conversion involves transforming energy from a primary source into a secondary form that is more useful or suitable for a particular application. Examples of energy conversion include:

1. Light bulb: Electrical energy is converted into light energy and thermal energy. When you turn on a light bulb, electricity flows through the filament, which heats up and emits light. Some of the electrical energy is also converted into heat energy, which is why light bulbs feel warm when they're on.
2. Electric fan: Electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy and some thermal energy. When you turn on an electric fan, electricity powers the motor, which turns the blades, generating airflow. Some of the electrical energy is also converted into heat energy due to friction in the motor.
3. Electric heater: Electrical energy is converted into thermal energy. When you turn on an electric heater, electricity flows through a resistor, which heats up and emits heat. The electrical energy is almost entirely converted into thermal energy, warming up the surrounding air.
4. Electric kettle: Electrical energy is converted into thermal energy. When you turn on an electric kettle, electricity flows through a heating element at the bottom of the kettle, which heats up the water. The electrical energy is converted into thermal energy, boiling the water.

EVALUATION: 1. Define energy

2. Mention 5 types of energy
3. What is energy conversion ?
4. Identify 4 examples of energy conversion

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively