Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 3

TERM – 1^ST TERM

WEEK TWO

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: HEALTH EDUCATION

Topic: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define endocrine system

II.) Identify the parts and organs for of the endocrine system

Ill.) Identify the functions of the endocrine system

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

The endocrine system is a network of glands and organs in the body that produce and release hormones, which are chemical messengers that regulate various physiological functions. These hormones are released directly into the bloodstream and affect target cells or organs throughout the body.

Essential parts and organs of the endocrine system include:

1. Hypothalamus: Located in the brain, it regulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland and plays a key role in controlling hunger, thirst, body temperature, and other vital functions.
2. Pituitary gland: Often referred to as the "master gland," it is located at the base of the brain and produces numerous hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
3. Thyroid gland: Found in the neck, it produces hormones that regulate metabolism, energy production, and growth and development.
4. Parathyroid glands: Located behind the thyroid gland, these glands produce hormones that regulate calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism.
5. Adrenal glands: Situated on top of the kidneys, they produce hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline, which regulate stress response, metabolism, electrolyte balance, and other functions.
6. Ovaries and Testes: These reproductive organs produce sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females, testosterone in males) that regulate reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics.

Functions of endocrine system

The endocrine system performs several vital functions in the body, including:

1. Hormones produced by the thyroid gland, such as thyroxine, regulate metabolism, energy production, and heat generation.
2. Hormones help regulate various physiological parameters such as blood glucose levels (insulin and glucagon from the pancreas), calcium levels (parathyroid hormone), and fluid balance (aldosterone).
3. Growth hormone from the pituitary gland stimulates growth and development of tissues, bones, and muscles, while sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone) influence reproductive development and secondary sexual characteristics.
4. Hormones like cortisol and adrenaline produced by the adrenal glands help the body respond to stress by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy availability.
5. Sex hormones produced by the gonads (ovaries and testes) regulate reproductive functions, including menstrual cycle regulation, sperm production, and ovulation.
6. Hormones such as aldosterone (from the adrenal glands) regulate electrolyte levels, particularly sodium and potassium, in the blood and body fluids.

EVALUATION: 1. Describe the endocrine system and identify all the organs involved

2. Mention 5 functions to the endocrine glands

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively