Physics - Senior Secondary 3 - Physics in the Real World (Technology)

Physics in the Real World (Technology)

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Term: 1st Term

WEEK: 11

Class: Senior Secondary School 3
Age: 17 years
Duration: 40 minutes for each of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Physics
Topic: Physics in the Real World (Technology)
Subtopics:
• Construction of a model transmission system using a transformer

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Understand the concept and principles of a transformer.
  2. Construct a model of a simple transmission system using a transformer.
  3. Understand the importance of transformers in power distribution.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:
• Explanation
• Hands-on activity: Construction of a model transmission system using a transformer
• Group work and collaboration
• Video clips on how transformers are used in real-world applications

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Transformer
• Copper wire
• Iron core
• Battery
• Lamp
• Whiteboard markers
• Video on the operation of transformers

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-5

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION
• The teacher will introduce the concept of transformers and their role in electrical power transmission.
• Students will share any prior knowledge of transformers, power grids, or electrical transmission.

STEP 2: EXPLANATION
• The teacher will explain the working principle of a transformer (electromagnetic induction, primary and secondary coils, voltage transformation).
• Discuss the importance of transformers in stepping up or stepping down voltage for efficient transmission of electrical power.

STEP 3: DEMONSTRATION
• The teacher demonstrates how a transformer works and the function of each part (primary coil, secondary coil, iron core).

STEP 4: STUDENT ACTIVITY
• Students will be divided into groups to construct a model of a transmission system using a transformer.
• Students will set up the transformer, connect it to a lamp, and demonstrate how voltage is changed.

STEP 5: NOTE TAKING
• The teacher will write the working principle of a transformer and its importance in the electrical system on the board.

NOTE:

  • Transformer: A device that changes the voltage of an alternating current (AC) in a circuit using two coils of wire (primary and secondary) wound around an iron core.
  • Step-up Transformer: Increases the voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil.
  • Step-down Transformer: Decreases the voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil.

EVALUATION

  1. What is the function of a transformer?
  2. Explain the difference between a step-up and a step-down transformer.
  3. How does a transformer affect the voltage in an electrical transmission system?

CLASSWORK:
• Sketch and label the parts of a transformer.
• Describe how transformers are used in the power distribution grid.

 

CONCLUSION:
• Review the students' models and explanations.
• Emphasize the significance of transformers in efficient electrical power transmission.