Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 3

TERM׃ I^ST TERM

WEEK TEN

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: Chemistry

Topic: Giant molecules 2

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Explain the hydrolysis of sucrose
2. Explain the hydrolysis of starch

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher explains the hydrolysis of sucrose to the students.	Students pay attention
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher explains the hydrolysis of starch	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATIO N	Teacher takes students on a visit to a local sugar factory.	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

NOTE

GIANT MOLECULES 2

Hydrolysis of sucrose

The hydrolysis of sucrose involves the breakdown of sucrose (a disaccharide) into its monosaccharide components, glucose, and fructose. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme sucrase. The chemical equations for the hydrolysis of sucrose from breaking down of sucrose to formation of monosaccharides can be represented as follows:

1. Breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose:

  C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H2O   {Sucrase}C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆

2. Formation of glucose:

   C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O  {Sucrase}  2C₆H₁₂O₆

3. Formation of fructose:

   C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O  {Sucrase} 2C₆H₁₂O₆

Hydrolysis of Starch

The hydrolysis of starch involves breaking down the polysaccharide starch into its constituent glucose units. This process is facilitated by enzymes known as amylases. The chemical equation for the hydrolysis of starch can be represented as follows:

 (C₆H₁₀O₅)_n + nH₂O  {Amylase}} nC₆H₁₂O₆

In this equation:

- (C₆H₁₀O₅)_n) represents the starch molecule (a polymer of glucose).

- n signifies the variable number of glucose units in the starch polymer.

- Amylase is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction.

NOTE: These process involves the enzymatic cleavage of the glycosidic bonds between glucose units, resulting in the production of individual glucose molecules.

EVALUATION:  1. Discuss the hydrolysis of sucrose

2. Discuss the hydrolysis of starch

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively