Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 3 - Transformers

Transformers

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TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK ONE

Class: Senior Secondary School 3

Age: 17 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: TRANSFORMERS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define a transformer

II.) Identify the important features of a transformer

III.) Identify the types of a transformer

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher describes a transformer and discuss it's essential features

Students listens attentively to the teacher                                                                          

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher identify and discuss the types of Transformers

Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

TRANSFORMERS

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. The following are the most important features of a transformer

  1. Core: Transformers have a core made of laminated iron or other magnetic materials to enhance magnetic flux and reduce energy losses.
  2. Primary and Secondary Coils: The primary coil receives electrical energy, while the secondary coil delivers it. The coils are wound around the core.
  3. Turns Ratio: The ratio of turns in the primary coil to turns in the secondary coil determines the voltage transformation ratio.
  4. Step-Up and Step-Down: Transformers can step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage levels, depending on the turns ratio. Step-up transformers have more turns in the secondary coil, while step-down transformers have fewer turns.
  5. Isolation: Transformers provide electrical isolation between the input and output circuits, which is crucial for safety and noise reduction.
  6. Efficiency: Transformers aim to transfer energy with minimal losses, typically through design optimization and high-quality materials.
  7. Cooling: Large transformers often have cooling mechanisms like oil or air cooling to dissipate heat generated during operation.

Types of transformers

The following are types of transformers include:

  1. Distribution Transformers: Used in electrical distribution systems to step down voltage levels for residential and commercial use.
  2. Power Transformers: Used in power generation and transmission to step up or step down voltage levels for long-distance transmission.
  3. Isolation Transformers: Used to isolate circuits from each other, typically for safety reasons or to eliminate noise.
  4. Auto Transformers: Have a single winding with taps to provide different voltage levels, commonly used in voltage regulation applications.

EVALUATION: 1. What is a transformer?

  1. State 5 important features of a transformer
  2. Mention 3 types of transformers that you know aa

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively