Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 3^RD TERM

WEEK FIVE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: Geography

Topic: LUMBERING IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA: ZAIRE AND NIGERIA

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Explain lumbering and identify lumbering areas in Zaire and Nigeria
2. Explain the favourable factors and methods of lumbering activities in the two countries and proffer solutions to them
3. Compare and contrast lumbering activities in the two countries

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher introduces and explain lumbering and identify lumbering areas in Zaire and Nigeria	Students, in groups, explain lumbering and identify lumbering areas in Zaire and Nigeria
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher discusses the favourable factors and methods of lumbering activities in the two countries and proffer solutions to them	Students, as a class, explain the favourable factors and methods of lumbering activities in the two countries and also discuss the problems of lumbering in the two countries and proffer solutions to them
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATIO N	Teacher identify the similarities and the differences between the two countries	Students in pairs compare and contrast lumbering activities in the two countries Students, in small group, draw the map of Africa and show areas of lumbering activities in Nigeria and Zaire
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

LUMBERING IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA: ZAIRE AND NIGERIA

Lumbering refers to the process of cutting, processing, and transporting timber or wood from forests for various uses. In Zaire, now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Nigeria, lumbering activities are prominent due to their rich forest resources.

In Zaire (DRC), significant lumbering occurs in the dense rainforests of the Congo Basin, particularly in regions like Equateur and Orientale. These areas are home to valuable timber species, and logging operations contribute to the country's economy. However, unsustainable practices and illegal logging have raised concerns about environmental impact and conservation.

In Nigeria, lumbering activities are concentrated in the country's expansive rainforests, notably in states like Cross River, Ondo, and Edo. The Nigerian forestry sector plays a crucial role in providing timber for construction and other industries. However, similar to other regions, there are challenges related to deforestation, habitat loss, and the need for sustainable forestry practices.

Favorable Factors and Methods of Lumbering

In Zaire (DRC)

1. Abundant Forest Resources: The Congo Basin in Zaire harbors extensive and diverse forests, providing a rich source of timber.
2. Economic Importance: Lumbering activities contribute significantly to the national economy, generating revenue and providing employment.
3. Global Demand: High global demand for certain timber species found in Zaire incentivizes lumbering operations.

In Nigeria

1. Rich Forest Diversity: Nigeria's rainforests contain a variety of timber species, making it an attractive location for lumbering.
2. Economic Contribution: Lumbering is a vital sector for economic growth, supplying wood for construction and various industries.
3. Local Demand: The domestic construction industry drives the demand for timber, supporting the viability of lumbering.

Challenges of Lumbering

In Zaire (DRC)

1. Illegal Logging: Strengthen law enforcement and regulations to curb illegal logging, promoting sustainable forestry practices.
2. Environmental Conservation: Implement measures to protect biodiversity and ecosystems, ensuring responsible lumbering that preserves the long-term health of the forests.
3. Community Involvement: Involve local communities in decision-making processes and share the benefits of lumbering, fostering sustainable practices and reducing social conflicts.

In Nigeria

1. Deforestation Concerns: Promote sustainable logging practices and reforestation efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of deforestation.
2. Regulatory Measures: Enforce and enhance forestry regulations to control logging activities, ensuring they adhere to sustainable guidelines.
3. Community Awareness: Raise awareness about the importance of sustainable forestry among local communities, encouraging responsible resource management and reducing illegal logging.

Solutions

Both countries should prioritize the implementation of sustainable forestry practices, engaging in responsible lumbering to balance economic development with environmental preservation. International cooperation and partnerships can also play a role in supporting these efforts.

Comparison of Lumbering Activities in Zaire (DRC) and Nigeria

Similarities

1. Both Zaire and Nigeria boast abundant and diverse forest resources, making them significant contributors to the global timber market.
2. Lumbering plays a crucial role in the economies of both countries, providing employment opportunities and contributing to national revenue.
3. The timber produced in Zaire and Nigeria is sought after globally, reflecting the international demand for wood products.

Differences

1. Zaire's lumbering activities primarily involve the dense rainforests of the Congo Basin, while Nigeria's activities span both rainforests and other forest types, contributing to a diverse range of timber species.
2. The regulatory frameworks governing lumbering activities differ, with each country having its own set of laws and regulations addressing issues such as logging permits, environmental conservation, and community involvement.
3. While both countries face challenges related to illegal logging, the specific practices and methods employed by logging companies may vary.
4. The environmental impact of lumbering activities can vary based on the scale of operations, species targeted, and adherence to sustainable practices. Both countries face concerns related to deforestation, but the specific ecological consequences may differ.

EVALUATION: 1. What is Lumbering?

2. Identify 2 Lumbering areas in Zaire and 2 Lumbering areas in Nigeria
3. Mention 2 challenges of Lumbering in Zaire and 2 challenges of Lumbering in Nigeria
4. Mention 3 similarities and 3 differences of Lumbering activities in Zaire and Nigeria.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively