Physics - Senior Secondary 2 - Electric Field

TERM: 3^RD TERM

WEEK: 4

Class: Senior Secondary School 2
Age: 16 years
Duration: 40 minutes for each of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Physics
Topic: Electric Field
Subtopics:

• Capacitors and Capacitances
• Definition
• Arrangement of capacitors
• Energy stored in a capacitor
• Application of capacitors

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define capacitors and capacitance.
2. Explain the arrangement of capacitors in series and parallel.
3. Calculate the total capacitance for series and parallel arrangements.
4. Understand how energy is stored in a capacitor.
5. Identify and describe the applications of capacitors.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

• Explanation
• Demonstration
• Questions and answers
• Hands-on activity: Calculating total capacitance for series and parallel arrangements.
• Video clips on capacitors and their applications.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

• Capacitors (various types)
• Multimeter
• Physics textbook
• Whiteboard markers
• Videos on capacitors and their applications

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-5

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION

• The teacher asks students about their prior knowledge of capacitors.
• Briefly introduce capacitors as devices used to store electrical energy.
• Explain capacitance as the ability of a capacitor to store charge.

STEP 2: EXPLANATION

• Define a capacitor and capacitance.
• Discuss the arrangement of capacitors in series and parallel:
• Series: 1/C_total = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + ... + 1/Cn
• Parallel: C_total = C₁ + C₂ + ... + Cn
• Explain energy stored in a capacitor using the formula:

E=½CV²

• Describe common applications of capacitors (e.g., in power smoothing, electric circuits, etc.).

STEP 3: DEMONSTRATION

• Show how capacitors can be connected in series and parallel.
• Use a multimeter to measure the capacitance of capacitors.
• Calculate the total capacitance for both series and parallel arrangements.

STEP 4: HANDS-ON ACTIVITY

• Students will work in pairs to calculate the total capacitance of capacitors arranged in series and parallel.
• Solve examples on the board to reinforce concepts.

STEP 5: NOTE TAKING

• The teacher writes a summary note on the board that students will copy.

NOTE

• Capacitor: A device used to store electrical energy in an electric field.
• Capacitance (C): The ability of a capacitor to store charge. Measured in Farads (F).
• Energy stored in a capacitor:

E=½CV²

• Series Arrangement:

1C_total=1C₁+1C₂+...+1C_n

• Parallel Arrangement:

C_total=C₁+C₂+...+C_n

EVALUATION

1. What is a capacitor?
2. Write the formula for energy stored in a capacitor.
3. Calculate the total capacitance when three capacitors with values 3 µF, 6 µF, and 12 µF are connected in parallel.
4. Explain how energy is stored in a capacitor.

CLASSWORK:

• Calculate the total capacitance when three capacitors with values 10 µF, 20 µF, and 30 µF are connected in series.

CONCLUSION:

• The teacher will review students' answers and provide feedback.

Encourage students to reflect on the importance of capacitors in electrical devices and their applications.