Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 3^RD TERM

WEEK TWO

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: Geography

Topic: LOCATION, SIZE, POSITION AND POLITICAL DIVISION OF AFRICA

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Describe the location and position of Africa
2. Describe the size and political divisions of Africa and associated Islands
3. Identify the countries of Africa and their capitals

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

LOCATION, SIZE, POSITION AND POLITICAL DIVISION OF AFRICA

Location and position of Africa

Africa is a continent located in the Eastern Hemisphere and is situated primarily within the tropics. Africa is a continent known for its diverse landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and varied ecosystems. The following are some key characteristics of Africa's location and position:

1. Latitude and Longitude: Africa spans a wide range of latitudes and longitudes, with the equator passing through its central region. The continent extends from approximately 37°20' North (Cape Blanc, Tunisia) to about 34°50' South (Cape Agulhas, South Africa) in terms of latitude.
2. Surrounded by Oceans: Africa is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Indian Ocean to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north.
3. Continent Borders: Africa is connected to Asia by the Isthmus of Suez in the northeast, forming the land bridge of the Sinai Peninsula. The Red Sea separates Africa from the Arabian Peninsula.
4. Position in the World: Africa is the second-largest continent by land area and is positioned between Europe and Asia to the north, and the Americas to the west across the Atlantic Ocean.

The continent also exhibits diverse geographical features, including deserts (e.g., Sahara), savannas, rainforests, mountains (e.g., Atlas Mountains), and the Great Rift Valley.

Size and Political divisions in Africa

Size of Africa

Africa is the second-largest continent on Earth, covering an area of approximately 30.37 million square kilometers (11.7 million square miles). It spans a diverse range of latitudes and longitudes, contributing to its vast and varied landscapes.

Political Divisions

Africa is comprised of 54 recognized countries, each with its own government and political structure. Some notable countries include Nigeria, South Africa, Egypt, Kenya, and Ethiopia. The continent also includes several territories and regions with varying degrees of autonomy.

 Islands found in Africa

Africa is surrounded by numerous islands, both in the surrounding oceans and within its territorial waters. Some significant islands include:

1. Madagascar: Off the southeast coast, it is the fourth-largest island in the world and is known for its unique biodiversity.
2. Seychelles: An archipelago in the Indian Ocean with stunning beaches and coral reefs.
3. Mauritius: An island nation in the Indian Ocean, known for its diverse culture and beautiful landscapes.
4. Zanzibar: Part of Tanzania, it consists of several islands in the Indian Ocean and is known for its historical significance and spice trade.
5. Canary Islands: Located off the northwest coast of Africa, they are an autonomous community of Spain.
6. Comoros: An archipelago in the Indian Ocean, situated between Mozambique and Madagascar.
7. Cape Verde: An island nation off the west coast of Africa, known for its volcanic landscapes.

Countries in Africa and their capitals

Below is a list of African countries along with their capitals:

1. Algeria - Algiers
2. Angola - Luanda
3. Benin - Porto-Novo (official capital), Cotonou (economic capital)
4. Botswana - Gaborone
5. Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou
6. Burundi - Bujumbura
7. Cabo Verde (Cape Verde) - Praia
8. Cameroon - Yaoundé
9. Central African Republic - Bangui
10. Chad - N'Djamena
11. Comoros - Moroni
12. Democratic Republic of the Congo - Kinshasa
13. Djibouti - Djibouti City
14. Egypt - Cairo
15. Equatorial Guinea - Malabo
16. Eritrea - Asmara
17. Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) - Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (royal and legislative)
18. Ethiopia - Addis Ababa
19. Gabon - Libreville
20. The Gambia - Banjul
21. Ghana - Accra
22. Guinea - Conakry
23. Guinea-Bissau - Bissau
24. Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) -Yamoussoukro (political capital), Abidjan (economic capital)
25. Kenya - Nairobi
26. Lesotho - Maseru
27. Liberia - Monrovia
28. Libya -Tripoli
29. Madagascar - Antananarivo
30. Malawi - Lilongwe
31. Mali - Bamako
32. Mauritania - Nouakchott
33. Mauritius - Port Louis
34. Morocco - Rabat (official), Casablanca (largest city)
35. Mozambique - Maputo
36. Namibia - Windhoek
37. Niger - Niamey
38. Nigeria - Abuja
39. Rwanda - Kigali
40. Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome
41. Senegal - Dakar
42. Seychelles - Victoria
43. Sierra Leone - Freetown
44. Somalia - Mogadishu
45. South Africa - Pretoria (administrative), Bloemfontein (judicial), Cape Town (legislative)
46. South Sudan - Juba
47. Sudan - Khartoum
48. Tanzania - Dodoma (official), Dar es Salaam (largest city)
49. Togo - Lome
50. Tunisia - Tunis
51. Uganda: Kampala
52. Zambia: Lusaka
53. Zimbabwe: Harare

EVALUATION: 1. Describe the location and position of Africa on the Map

2. Identify 5 islands found in Africa
3. How many countries are in Africa?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively