Physics - Senior Secondary 2 - Electric Fields

Electric Fields

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK: 9

Class: Senior Secondary School 2
Age: 16 years
Duration: 40 minutes for each of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Physics
Topic: Electric Fields
Subtopics:
• e.m.f of a cell
• Internal resistance of a cell
• Standard resistors and rheostats
• Resistivity and conductivity

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define the electromotive force (e.m.f) of a cell.
  2. Understand the concept of internal resistance.
  3. Use standard resistors and rheostats in circuits.
  4. Measure and compare resistivity and conductivity.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES
• Explanation
• Demonstration
• Hands-on activity: Using potentiometer wire to measure e.m.f
• Questions and answers

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
• Potentiometer wire
• Cells
• Standard resistors and rheostats
• Multimeter
• Physics textbook
• Whiteboard markers

 

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-5

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION
• The teacher asks students about their understanding of the e.m.f of a cell.
• Students discuss their experiences with measuring voltage in cells and circuits.

STEP 2: EXPLANATION
• The teacher explains e.m.f (the potential difference across the terminals of a cell when no current is flowing).
• The concept of internal resistance in a cell is introduced.
• The teacher demonstrates how resistivity affects the flow of current in conductors.

STEP 3: DEMONSTRATION
• The teacher shows how to measure e.m.f using a potentiometer wire.
• The teacher explains how to use standard resistors and rheostats to control the current in a circuit.

STEP 4: HANDS-ON ACTIVITY
• Students use potentiometer wires to measure the e.m.f of different cells.
• Students compare the e.m.f of two cells using the potentiometer.

STEP 5: NOTE TAKING
• The teacher writes the following notes on the board:

  • e.m.f is the potential difference when no current flows.
  • Internal resistance of a cell: The opposition to current flow inside the cell.
  • Standard resistors and rheostats control the current in a circuit.
  • Resistivity: The property of a material that resists the flow of electric current.

STEP 6: EVALUATION

  1. What is the e.m.f of a cell?
  2. How do you measure the internal resistance of a cell?
  3. What is resistivity, and how does it affect conductivity?

CLASSWORK
• Use a potentiometer wire to measure the e.m.f of two cells.
• Calculate the internal resistance of a cell.

CONCLUSION
• The teacher will review the key concepts of e.m.f, internal resistance, and resistivity.
• Students will be encouraged to reflect on the importance of understanding electric fields in everyday applications.