Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

Nitrogen 2

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK NINE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:        

Subject: Chemistry

Topic:   NITROGEN 2

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Discuss the industrial preparation of Nitrogen.
  2. Identify the properties of Nitrogen.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explain the industrial preparation of Nitrogen to the students and the aid of an industrial set up diagram.

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher explain the properties of Nitrogen.

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

NITROGEN 2

Industrial preparation of nitrogen from air

The industrial preparation of nitrogen from liquid air involves a process called cryogenic air separation. This method takes advantage of the differences in boiling points of the components of air. Here's a basic overview of the industrial preparation of nitrogen from liquid air:

Cryogenic Air Separation:

  1. Compression:

   - Atmospheric air is compressed to increase its pressure. This step is crucial for subsequent cooling and liquefaction.

  1. Cooling:

   - The compressed air is passed through a series of heat exchangers where it is cooled. The cooling causes the air to condense into a liquid.

  1. Liquefaction:

   - The cooled and compressed air is passed through an expansion valve, causing it to undergo adiabatic expansion. This rapid expansion leads to a significant drop in temperature, causing the air to liquefy.

  1. Fractional Distillation:

   - The liquid air is then sent into a fractional distillation column. This column has multiple trays or packing materials, allowing for the separation of different components based on their boiling points.

   - Oxygen, having a lower boiling point than nitrogen, tends to evaporate and rise to higher levels in the column.

  1. Collection of Nitrogen:

   - The nitrogen-rich liquid is collected at the bottom of the distillation column. This liquid nitrogen is then warmed and allowed to evaporate, turning it back into a gas.

  1. Purification:

   - The resulting nitrogen gas may undergo further purification steps to remove any remaining traces of impurities, especially oxygen.

NOTE: This cryogenic air separation process produces high-purity nitrogen, which finds applications in various industries, such as metallurgy, chemicals, electronics, and food packaging. It's an efficient and widely used method for large-scale nitrogen production.

Properties of Nitrogen

Nitrogen, a non-metal gas, exhibits several properties:

  1. State at Room Temperature: Nitrogen is a diatomic gas (N2) at room temperature and pressure.
  2. Odorless and Colorless: It is devoid of color and does not have a distinct odor.
  3. Inert Nature: Nitrogen is relatively inert, meaning it does not readily undergo chemical reactions under normal conditions.
  4. Abundance in Atmosphere: Constituting about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, nitrogen is a major component.
  5. Boiling and Melting Points: Nitrogen has a low boiling point (-196 °C or -321 °F) and melting point (-210 °C or -346 °F).

EVALUATION: - Discuss briefly, the industrial preparation of Nitrogen.

                          - Enumerate 5 properties of Nitrogen.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively