Physics - Senior Secondary 2 - Electric Fields

TERM: 2^ND TERM

WEEK: 8

Class: Senior Secondary School 2
Age: 16 years
Duration: 40 minutes for each of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Physics
Topic: Electric Fields
Subtopics:
• Production of continuous charges: Primary cells, secondary cells
• Electric Circuit: Series and parallel arrangement of cells and resistors

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Understand the concept of electric fields.
2. Explain the difference between primary and secondary cells.
3. Set up electric circuits in series and parallel arrangements.
4. Determine the resultant e.m.f in a parallel arrangement.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES
• Explanation
• Demonstration
• Hands-on activity: Constructing series and parallel circuits
• Questions and answers

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
• Cells (primary and secondary)
• Resistors
• Multimeter
• Wires
• Battery holders
• Physics textbook
• Whiteboard markers

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-5

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION
• The teacher asks students about their prior knowledge of electric fields and cells.
• Students discuss how electric circuits work and their components.

STEP 2: EXPLANATION
• The teacher explains primary cells (e.g., dry cells) and secondary cells (e.g., rechargeable batteries).
• Introduction to electric circuits:

• Series circuits: Components are connected end-to-end.
• Parallel circuits: Components are connected across common points.
  • The teacher demonstrates how to arrange cells in series and parallel.

STEP 3: DEMONSTRATION
• The teacher constructs a series and parallel circuit on the board.
• Students build similar circuits using the provided materials.
• The teacher explains how to measure the e.m.f of the circuits.

STEP 4: HANDS-ON ACTIVITY
• Students are divided into groups to build series and parallel circuits.
• Each group measures the resultant e.m.f using a voltmeter.
• Students compare the measurements of e.m.f in different arrangements.

STEP 5: NOTE TAKING
• The teacher writes the following summary on the board:

• Primary cells: Non-rechargeable, produce a constant voltage for a short time.
• Secondary cells: Rechargeable, maintain a more stable voltage over a longer period.
• Series circuits: Same current, different voltage across components.
• Parallel circuits: Same voltage, different current across components.

STEP 6: EVALUATION

1. Define primary and secondary cells.
2. Explain the difference between series and parallel circuits.
3. How do you measure the e.m.f of a circuit?
4. Draw and label the arrangement of cells in series and parallel.

CLASSWORK
• Construct a circuit in series and measure the current and voltage.
• Construct a circuit in parallel and compare the results.

CONCLUSION
• The teacher will review the activity and discuss the practical uses of series and parallel circuits.