Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK FIVE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: Geography

Topic: WORLD POPULATION

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Describe world’s population in terms of size and density
2. Explain the structure and distribution patterns of words population
3. Examine the factors affecting population distribution.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

WORLD POPULATION

Population refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species inhabiting a specific geographic area, such as humans in a city, country, or the entire world. It is a key demographic concept used to quantify the size of a group within a given location.

Population size and density

Population size refers to the total number of persons in a group. The average number of people per unit of area or volume is known as population density. The qualities of a species or its environment may influence the pattern of spacing of individuals in a population.

Population density is a measure of how many people live per unit of area, often expressed as the number of individuals per square kilometer or square mile. It helps describe the concentration of a population in a given geographic space, providing insight into how crowded or dispersed an area is.

Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers.

The world's population is around 8,000,000,000 and the Earth's total area (including land and water) is 510,000,000 km² (200,000,000 sq mi). Therefore, the worldwide human population density is approximately 8,000,000,000 ÷ 510,000,000 = 16/km2 (41/sq mi).

Structure and distribution patterns of World population

The world population exhibits diverse structures and distribution patterns. The population is unevenly distributed across regions and countries. Some key features include:

1. Concentration in Urban Areas: A significant portion of the world population resides in urban areas, leading to densely populated cities and metropolitan regions.
2. Regional Disparities: Population density varies widely among regions. Asia, particularly China and India, has dense populations, while other areas, like parts of Africa, may have lower population density.
3. Mega-Cities: Certain mega-cities, like Tokyo, Delhi, and Beijing, have extremely high population concentrations, contributing significantly to global urbanization trends.
4. Coastal Settlements: Coastal regions often have higher population densities due to historical trade, economic activities, and favorable living conditions.
5. Rural vs. Urban Distribution: While urbanization is increasing globally, rural areas still house a substantial portion of the population, particularly in less developed regions.
6. Migration Influences: Migration patterns impact population distribution. People often move in search of better economic opportunities, political stability, or environmental conditions.
7. Population Pyramids: Demographic structures vary, with some countries experiencing youthful populations, while others have aging demographics. This influences factors like workforce availability and dependency ratios.

Factors affecting population distribution

Population distribution is influenced by a variety of factors that shape where people choose to live. Some key factors include:

1. Physical Geography: Features like topography, climate, and soil fertility impact population distribution. Coastal areas, fertile plains, and temperate climates often attract more inhabitants.
2. Economic Opportunities: Access to jobs and economic activities plays a significant role. Urban areas with employment opportunities tend to have higher population concentrations.
3. Political Stability: Regions with stable political environments are more likely to attract and retain populations. Political instability or conflict can lead to migration and uneven distribution.
4. Infrastructure and Accessibility: Well-developed transportation and communication infrastructure can influence where people choose to settle. Accessibility to resources and markets is a key factor.
5. Cultural and Social Factors: Cultural preferences, traditions, and social ties can influence settlement patterns. People may be drawn to areas where their cultural or ethnic communities are well-established.
6. Government Policies: Policies related to land use, migration, and urban planning can impact population distribution. Incentives or restrictions may affect where people choose to live.
7. Environmental Conditions: Natural disasters and environmental factors, such as earthquakes, floods, or droughts, can force people to relocate or avoid certain areas.

EVALUATION: 1. What is Population?

2. Differentiate between population size and population density
3. Mention 5 factors that affects population distribution.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively