Physics - Senior Secondary 2 - Application of sound waves

Application of sound waves

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK: 3
Class: Senior Secondary School 2
Age: 16 years
Duration: 40 minutes for each of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Physics
Topic: Application of Sound Waves
Subtopics:
• Vibrations in strings and pipes
• Wind instruments
• String instruments
• Percussion instruments
• Echoes and their application
• Hearing aids

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Explain the concept of vibrations in strings and pipes.
  2. Understand how sound is produced in wind, string, and percussion instruments.
  3. Demonstrate the principles of echoes and their applications.
  4. Understand the working of hearing aids and their application in sound amplification.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:
• Explanation
• Demonstration
• Hands-on activity: Construction of a simple musical instrument
• Video clips on musical instruments and hearing aids

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Materials for constructing a simple musical instrument (e.g., rubber bands, cardboard, straw, etc.)
• Whiteboard markers
• Physics textbook
• Videos on wind, string, and percussion instruments
• Hearing aid demonstration

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-5

PRESENTATION

STEP 1: INTRODUCTION
• The teacher will ask students if they have ever used or seen musical instruments and hearing aids.

STEP 2: EXPLANATION
• The teacher explains how vibrations in strings and pipes create sound.
• The teacher explains how sound is produced in wind, string, and percussion instruments.

STEP 3: DEMONSTRATION
• The teacher demonstrates sound production using a string instrument (e.g., a guitar) and a wind instrument (e.g., a flute).
• The teacher demonstrates the application of echoes and how they are used in real-life situations (e.g., sonar, echolocation).

STEP 4: CLASS ACTIVITY
• Students will construct a simple musical instrument of their choice (e.g., rubber band guitar, straw flute).

STEP 5: NOTE TAKING
• The teacher writes a summary note on the board, which students will copy.

 

NOTE
Application of Sound Waves:
• Vibrations in Strings and Pipes: Sound is produced when an object vibrates.
• Wind Instruments: Sound is produced by the vibration of air columns (e.g., flute, trumpet).
• String Instruments: Sound is produced by vibrating strings (e.g., guitar, violin).
• Percussion Instruments: Sound is produced by striking a surface (e.g., drums, cymbals).
• Echoes: The reflection of sound waves off surfaces (used in echolocation and sonar).
• Hearing Aids: Devices that amplify sound to assist those with hearing loss.

 

EVALUATION

  1. Explain how sound is produced in a string instrument.
  2. How are echoes used in sonar?
  3. What is the principle behind hearing aids?

CLASSWORK:
• Construct a simple musical instrument using the materials provided.

 

CONCLUSION:
• The teacher will review students' answers and provide feedback.
• Students will be encouraged to reflect on the use of sound in daily life and technology.