Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

Term: 2^nd Term

Week: 3

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:      Computer studies and ICT

Topic:-       Computer data conversion

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Explain the meaning of address, bus and register
2. List and explain the types of registers
3. Differentiate between register and main memory
4. Describe the fetch-execute cycle and its main parts
5. Discuss the factors affecting the speed of transfer

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, pictures, Data Processing for senior Secondary Education by Hiit Plc, WAPB Computer Studies for Senior Secondary II by Adekunle et  al, On-line Materials.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher reviews the previous lesson on the handling of computer files	Students pay attention
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	He explains the meaning of bus, address and register. He further discusses the types of register and differentiates between register and main memory.	Students pay attention and participates
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATION	He further discusses the fetch-execute cycle and its main parts and also the factors that affect the speed of transfer	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

COMPUTER DATA CONVERSION

Register

This is a special high-speed storage area within the CPU. All data must be represented in a register before it can be processed, for example, if two numbers are to be multiplied, both numbers must be in registers, and the result must be placed in register.

 

Address

An address is used to reference a storage location in main memory. You can think of computer memory as an array of storage boxes, each of them has an address (a unique number) assigned to it.

 

Bus

Bus is a collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another.  You can think of a bus as a highway on which data travels within a computer. When used in reference to personal computers, the term bus usually refers to internal bus. This is a bus that connects all the internal computer components to the CPU and main memory

 

Types of Registers

The types of registers are Memory data register (MDR) and Current instruction Register (CIR).

1. MDR

• The memory data register is used to hold data or the memory address that contains either the next piece of data or an instruction that is to be used.
• The memory data register acts like a buffer and holds data that is transferred from the memory to the processor.
• The memory data register is used whenever data is being transferred between central processing unit and main memory.

 

2. CIR

• Current instruction register is the register, usually in the control unit, that contains the instruction that is being executed by the CPU.
• The CIR stores the instruction currently being executed. In simple processors each instruction to be executed is loaded into the instruction register which holds it while it is decoded, prepared and ultimately executed.

 

Differences between Register and Main Memory:

Factor considered: storage, speed, storage capacity and relative cost.

Storage devices	Speed	Storage capacity	Relative cost
Register	Fast	Very low	Very high
Main memory	Very fast	Low and moderate	High speed

 

DATA-FETCH-EXECUTE CYCLE

Fetch execute cycle is the very basic way a computer works. All commands are executed through the running of this cycle. The cycle itself has very few commands, however when linked up together it is possible to create a large program, or even an operating system.

The cycle contains 3 main parts

1. Fetch the instruction
2. Decode the instruction
3. Execute the instruction

 

OPERATING PROCEDURE OF COMPUTER DATA PROCESSING        

Data processing consists of all activities which are necessary to transform data into information.

COLLECTION → CONVERSION → MANIPULATION → STORAGE → COMMUNICATION

 

The following are factors affecting Speed of Data Transfer

1. Bus Speed
2. Bus Width
3. Medium of Storage
4. Data transfer medium

 

 EVALUATION: 1. Explain the meaning of address, bus and register

2. Outline the types of register
3. Differentiate between main memory and register
4. What are the factors affecting the speed of data      transfer?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively