Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: HISTORY

Topic: THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE AND THE ATTAINMENT OF INDEPENDENCE

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Identify the attitude of the International environment towards Colonialism                             

II.) Identify events that led to the attainment of Independence

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE AND THE ATTAINMENT OF INDEPENDENCE

Attitude of the International Environment Towards Colonialism

After World War II, the international environment shifted significantly towards colonialism, reflecting a growing consensus against the practice:

1. United Nations Declaration: The United Nations Charter, adopted in 1945, affirmed the principle of self-determination for all peoples and condemned colonialism as incompatible with the organization's ideals.
2. Cold War Dynamics: The Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union also influenced attitudes towards colonialism.
3. Decolonization Movements: Decolonization movements gained momentum in various parts of the world, with nationalist leaders and organizations advocating for self-rule and independence.
4. Human Rights and Anti-Racism: The post-war period saw an increased emphasis on human rights and racial equality, leading to greater scrutiny of colonial practices such as segregation, discrimination, and exploitation. International condemnation of these practices further delegitimized colonial rule.

Events Leading to the Attainment of Independence

The attainment of independence for many colonized nations was the culmination of various events and processes:

1. Nationalist Movements: Nationalist leaders and organizations mobilized their people, advocating for self-rule and independence through political, social, and sometimes armed struggles against colonial powers.
2. International Pressure: International pressure, including condemnation of colonial practices by the United Nations and support for decolonization movements by anti-colonial governments and organizations, contributed to the weakening of colonial control and the granting of independence.
3. Economic Changes: Economic changes, such as the decline of colonial economies and the rise of nationalist-led economic initiatives, weakened the economic foundations of colonial rule and increased demands for self-determination.
4. Internal Reforms: Some colonial powers, facing internal and external pressure, implemented reforms aimed at granting greater autonomy or independence to their colonies.
5. Political Negotiations: Independence was often achieved through negotiated settlements between colonial powers and nationalist leaders, leading to the transfer of power and the establishment of independent nation-states.

EVALUATION: 1. Identify 4 attitude of the International environment towards Colonialism                             

2. Identify 5 events that led to the attainment of Independence CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively