Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: HEALTH EDUCATION

Topic: DISASTER

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define disaster

II.) Identify the types of disasters

III.) Identify the causes of disaster

IV.) Identify the effects of disaster

V.) Identify the ways to control natural disasters

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

DISASTER

A natural disaster is an extreme, sudden event caused by natural processes of the Earth. These events can cause significant damage to property, infrastructure, and the environment, as well as pose a threat to human life and well-being. Examples include earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, wildfires, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and droughts.

Types of disasters (natural and unnatural)

Disasters can be broadly categorized into two main types: natural and unnatural.

1. Natural disasters: Natural disasters are catastrophic events caused by natural processes of the Earth. These events include earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, tsunamis, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, wildfires, and droughts.
2. Unnatural disasters (or human-made disasters): "Unnatural disasters" typically refer to catastrophic events or crises caused by human actions or negligence rather than natural processes. These disasters can include industrial accidents, such as chemical spills or nuclear meltdowns, environmental pollution, technological failures, human-made fires, terrorist attacks, and conflicts leading to humanitarian crises. Causes of natural disasters

Natural disasters are triggered by various natural processes and phenomena, each with its own specific causes. Some common causes include:

1. Tectonic activity: Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis are often caused by movements in the Earth's crust along fault lines or volcanic activity.
2. Meteorological factors: Hurricanes, floods, tornadoes, and droughts can result from atmospheric conditions and weather patterns, such as changes in air pressure, temperature, humidity, and wind patterns.
3. Hydrological factors: Floods, landslides, and droughts can occur due to changes in the Earth's water cycle, including excessive rainfall, snowmelt, inadequate drainage, or prolonged periods of low precipitation.
4. Climate change: Rising global temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns due to climate change can exacerbate the frequency and intensity of certain natural disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, heatwaves, and wildfires.

Effects of Natural Disasters

1. Natural disasters can result in the loss of human lives, either directly through the event itself (e.g., collapse of buildings during earthquakes) or indirectly through secondary effects (e.g., disease outbreaks following floods).
2. Disasters such as floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes can force people to evacuate their homes, leading to temporary or permanent displacement and homelessness.
3. The destruction of property, loss of livelihoods, disruption of businesses, and decreased productivity following natural disasters can have significant economic consequences for affected communities, regions, and countries.
4. Natural disasters can cause environmental degradation, including deforestation, soil erosion, contamination of water sources, loss of biodiversity, and destruction of natural habitats.

Ways to Control Natural Disasters

1. Implementing effective disaster preparedness plans, early warning systems, and evacuation procedures can help minimize the loss of life and property damage.
2. Implementing measures to reduce the risk and impact of natural disasters, such as building resilient infrastructure, enforcing building codes and land-use regulations, constructing flood barriers and levees, and retrofitting buildings.
3. Protecting and restoring natural ecosystems such as wetlands, forests, and mangroves can help mitigate the impact of natural disasters.
4. Implementing strategies to adapt to climate change, such as enhancing water management practices, promoting sustainable agriculture, and developing climate-resilient infrastructure.

EVALUATION: 1. Define disaster

2. Mention the 2 types of disasters and explain them.
3. Mention 4 effects of disaster
4. Identify 4 ways to control natural disasters.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively