Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date: MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA

Subject: Geography

Topic:

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Explain and classify industries in Nigeria
2. Describe the major industrial zones in Nigeria and their associated industries
3. Explain the factors affecting Nigeria
4. Analyse the problems of manufacturing industries and suggest solutions to them

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA

Industries refer to sectors of economic activity where businesses engage in the production of goods or the provision of services. These activities are often grouped based on similarities in the products or services they offer. Industries play a crucial role in the overall economy and can be categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.

Nigeria has a diverse range of industries, broadly classified into four main sectors:

1. Primary Sector: Involves the extraction and production of raw materials, such as agriculture, mining, and forestry.

 - Agriculture: Nigeria has a significant agricultural sector, with crops like cocoa, cassava, palm oil, and rubber being major contributors.

   - Mining: Rich in natural resources, Nigeria has an active mining industry, extracting oil, natural gas, coal, and various minerals.

2. Secondary Sector: Encompasses manufacturing and construction, where raw materials are processed into finished goods.

   - Manufacturing: Industries such as textiles, cement, food processing, and automobile assembly contribute to the manufacturing sector.

   - Construction: The construction industry plays a crucial role in infrastructure development.

3. Tertiary Sector: Involves services and includes activities like banking, education, healthcare, and telecommunications.

- Services: Dominating the economy, services include telecommunications, banking, education, healthcare, and tourism.

4. Emerging Sectors: Emerging sectors in Nigeria represent areas where new technologies, business models, or trends are shaping the industry's future.

   - Technology: The technology industry is growing, with a focus on software development, IT services, and startups.

   - Renewable Energy: Nigeria is investing in renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.

Major Industrial Zones in Nigeria and Associated Industries

1. North Central Zone:

   Abuja (Federal Capital Territory): While primarily administrative, it has some emerging industries, including information technology and services. Other states like, Nasarawa, Niger, Kogi, Kwara, Plateau, Benue, and Kogi States have various industries, including agriculture, solid minerals processing, and services.

Kano is not really a North Central zone but it has a long-standing history in manufacturing and is known for textile industries, tanneries, and food processing.

2. Midwestern Zone (South-South and South-Southwest):

Edo State is popularly known for oil and gas activities, with industries related to petroleum and petrochemicals. While Delta State has significant oil and gas presence, with oil refineries and petrochemical industries.

Port Harcourt, Rivers State  is also a key player in the oil and gas sector, with refineries and petrochemical industries. The Bonny LNG terminal is also a major presence.

3. Western Zone (Southwest):

Lagos State is a major economic hub hosting a range of industries including manufacturing, finance, technology, and media. Ikeja is known for electronics and electrical goods manufacturing. Apapa hosts the country's largest seaports, supporting shipping and logistics industries.

Ogun State particularly around the Ota and Agbara axis, is an industrial center with various manufacturing activities, including pharmaceuticals and consumer goods.s.

Problems of manufacturing industries in Nigeria

1. Infrastructure Challenges: Inadequate infrastructure, such as unreliable power supply and poor transportation networks, can hamper industrial growth.
2. Policy Environment: Changes in government policies, regulations, and economic policies can impact industries positively or negatively.
3. Security Concerns: Security issues, particularly in certain regions, can disrupt industrial operations and investments.
4. Access to Finance: Limited access to funding for businesses, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs), can hinder their growth and expansion.
5. Global Economic Trends: Nigeria's industries are influenced by global economic conditions, affecting trade, commodity prices, and foreign investment.
6. Skilled Labor Shortages: Industries may face challenges due to a lack of skilled labor, impacting productivity and innovation.
7. Dependency on Oil: Nigeria's heavy reliance on oil revenue can make its economy vulnerable to fluctuations in global oil prices.

Possible Solutions to problems of manufacturing industries in Nigeria

Manufacturing industries in Nigeria face specific challenges, and here are suggested solutions to some key factors affecting them:

1. Investing in renewable energy sources, improve transportation networks, and collaborate with the government and private sector to address infrastructure gaps.
2. Advocating for stable and transparent policies, engage in constructive dialogue with policymakers, and participate in industry associations to influence policy decisions.
3. Encouraging financial institutions to develop tailored financing options for manufacturing, seek international funding, and support government initiatives promoting access to finance for businesses.
4. Collaborate with educational institutions to tailor training programs to industry needs, offer apprenticeships, and engage in continuous skills development for existing employees.
5. Promote exports by improving product quality, complying with international standards, and engaging in trade agreements. Advocate for favorable trade policies to enhance market access.
6. Encourage local sourcing of raw materials, support local suppliers, and work with the government to develop policies promoting a sustainable and reliable supply chain.

EVALUATION: 1. What is an industry?

2. Identify 5 Problems of manufacturing industries in Nigeria
3. Identify 5 possible solutions to the problems of manufacturing industries in Nigeria

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively