Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

Air

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:        

Subject: Chemistry

Topic:-        AIR

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Enumerate the constituents and composition of Air.
  2. Identify the properties of Air.
  3. Define flame.
  4. Identify the parts of flame.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the concept, Air.

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

He explains the composition of Air

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

He discusses the properties of Air.

 

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher discuss the parts of flame with the aid of a diagram.

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 5

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

AIR

Air constituents and composition

Air is a mixture of gases that primarily consists of nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and small amounts of other gases. The most significant components include:

- Nitrogen (N2): Approximately 78% of the atmosphere. It is relatively inert and does not readily react with other substances.

- Oxygen (O2): Around 21% of the atmosphere. Essential for respiration and combustion.

- Argon (Ar): About 0.93% of the atmosphere. It is an inert gas and does not readily participate in chemical reactions.

- Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Approximately 0.04% of the atmosphere. This gas is crucial for photosynthesis and plays a role in the greenhouse effect.

- Neon, Helium, Methane, Krypton, Xenon, Hydrogen: Present in trace amounts.

Properties of Air

  1. Density: Air density decreases with altitude. It is denser at sea level and decreases as you go higher into the atmosphere.
  2. Pressure: Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude. At sea level, it is about 101.3 kPa.
  3. Temperature: The temperature of the atmosphere varies with altitude and location. Generally, it decreases with altitude.
  4. Humidity: The amount of water vapor in the air. Warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air.
  5. Composition: Air is a mixture of gases, and its composition is relatively consistent in the lower atmosphere.

Flame

A flame is a visible, gaseous part of a fire. When a combustible material reacts with oxygen in the air, it undergoes combustion, producing heat, light, and a flame. The properties of a flame can provide information about the combustion process.

  1. Parts of a Flame:

       

   - Inner Cone: The hottest part, where combustion is most intense.

   - Outer Cone: Combustion is incomplete here, resulting in a cooler, less bright region.

   - Luminous Zone: The visible part of the flame due to incandescent carbon particles.

  1. Color of Flame:

   - Blue Flame: Indicates complete combustion with sufficient oxygen.

   - Yellow or Red Flame: Suggests incomplete combustion, often due to limited oxygen.

EVALUATION:   1. What is Air?

  1. Give a summary of Air composition.
  2. Mention 4 properties of Air.
  3. Define flame and identify it's parts.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively